Leader (NR)

Encoding level (Leader/17) of the record has been changed to a higher encoding level.

Indicates an increase in the level of cataloging (e.g., code a is used when a preliminary cataloging record (code 5 in Leader/17) is raised to full cataloging level (code # in Leader/17)).

Addition/change other than in the Encoding level code has been made to the record.

Record has been deleted.

Record is newly input.

Prepublication record has had a change in cataloging level resulting from the availability of the published item.

Example: a CIP record (code 8 in Leader/17)) upgraded to a full record (code # or 1 in Leader/17.)

Used for non-manuscript language material. Manuscript language material uses code t.

Includes microforms and electronic resources that are basically textual in nature, whether they are reproductions from print or originally produced.

Used for printed, microform, or electronic notated music.

Used for manuscript notated music or a microform of manuscript music.

Used for non-manuscript cartographic material or a microform of non-manuscript cartographic material.

Includes maps, atlases, globes, digital maps, and other cartographic items.

Used for manuscript cartographic material or a microform of manuscript cartographic material.

Used for motion pictures, videorecordings (including digital video), filmstrips, slide, transparencies or material specifically designed for projection.

Material specifically designed for overhead projection is also included in this type of record category.

Used for a recording of nonmusical sounds (e.g., speech).

Used for a musical sound recording (e.g., phonodiscs, compact discs, or cassette tapes.

Used for two-dimensional nonprojectable graphics such as, activity cards, charts, collages, computer graphics, digital pictures, drawings, duplication masters, flash cards, paintings, photo CDs, photomechanical reproductions, photonegatives, photoprints, pictures, postcards, posters, prints, spirit masters, study prints, technical drawings, transparency masters, and reproductions of any of these.

Used for the following classes of electronic resources: computer software (including programs, games, fonts), numeric data, computer-oriented multimedia, online systems or services. For these classes of materials, if there is a significant aspect that causes it to fall into another Leader/06 category, the code for that significant aspect is used instead of code m (e.g., vector data that is cartographic is not coded as numeric but as cartographic). Other classes of electronic resources are coded for their most significant aspect (e.g. language material, graphic, cartographic material, sound, music, moving image). In case of doubt or if the most significant aspect cannot be determined, consider the item a computer file.

Used for a mixture of various components issued as a unit and intended primarily for instructional purposes where no one item is the predominant component of the kit.

Examples are packages of assorted materials, such as a set of school social studies curriculum material (books, workbooks, guides, activities, etc.), or packages of educational test materials (tests, answer sheets, scoring guides, score charts, interpretative manuals, etc.).

Used when there are significant materials in two or more forms that are usually related by virtue of their having been accumulated by or about a person or body. Includes archival fonds and manuscript collections of mixed forms of materials, such as text, photographs, and sound recordings.

Intended primary purpose is other than for instructional purposes (i.e., other than the purpose of those materials coded as o (Kit)).

Includes man-made objects such as models, dioramas, games, puzzles, simulations, sculptures and other three-dimensional art works, exhibits, machines, clothing, toys, and stitchery. Also includes naturally occurring objects such as, microscope specimens (or representations of them) and other specimens mounted for viewing.

Used for manuscript language material or a microform of manuscript language material. This category is applied to items for language material in handwriting, typescript, or computer printout including printed materials completed by hand or by keyboard. At the time it is created, this material is usually intended, either implicitly or explicitly, to exist as a single instance. Examples include marked or corrected galley and page proofs, manuscript books, legal papers, and unpublished theses and dissertations.

Monographic bibliographic unit that is physically attached to or contained in another unit such that the retrieval of the component part is dependent on the identification and location of the host item or container. Contains fields that describe the component part and data that identify the host, field 773 (Host Item Entry).

Examples of monographic component parts with corresponding host items include an article in a single issue of a periodical, a chapter in a book, a band on a phonodisc, and a map on a single sheet that contains several maps.

Serial bibliographic unit that is physically attached to or contained in another unit such that the retrieval of the component part is dependent on the identification and location of the host item or container. Contains fields that describe the component part and data that identify the host, field 773 (Host Item Entry).

Example of a serial component part with corresponding host item is a regularly appearing column or feature in a periodical.

Made-up multipart group of items that were not originally published, distributed, or produced together. The record describes units defined by common provenance or administrative convenience for which the record is intended as the most comprehensive in the system.

Part of collection, especially an archival unit described collectively elsewhere in the system. Contains fields that describe the subunit and data that identify the host item.

Subunits may be items, folders, boxes, archival series, subgroups, or subcollections.

Bibliographic resource that is added to or changed by means of updates that do not remain discrete and are integrated into the whole. Examples include updating loose-leafs and updating Web sites.

Integrating resources may be finite or continuing.

Item either complete in one part (e.g., a single monograph, a single map, a single manuscript, etc.) or intended to be completed, in a finite number of separate parts (e.g., a multivolume monograph, a sound recording with multiple tracks, etc.).

Bibliographic item issued in successive parts bearing numerical or chronological designations and intended to be continued indefinitely. Includes periodicals; newspapers; annuals (reports, yearbooks, etc.); the journals, memoirs, proceedings, transactions, etc., of societies; and numbered monographic series, etc.

No type applies to the item being described.

Material is described according to archival descriptive rules, which focus on the contextual relationships between items and on their provenance rather than on bibliographic detail. The specific set of rules for description may be found in field 040, subfield $e. All forms of material can be controlled archivally.

Character coding in the record uses the 8-bit character sets described in MARC 21 Specifications for Record Structure, Character Sets, and Exchange Media. Non-default character sets used are identified in field 066.

Character coding in the record makes use of characters from the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) (ISO 10646), or Unicode™, an industry subset.

Most complete MARC record created from information derived from an inspection of the physical item.

For serials, at least one issue of the serial is inspected.

Next most complete MARC record after the full level created from information derived from an extant description of the item (e.g., a printed catalog card or a description in an institutional guide) without reinspection of the physical item. Used primarily in the retrospective conversion of records when all of the information on the extant description is transcribed. Certain control field coding and other data (e.g., field 043 (Geographic Area Code)) are based only on explicit information in the description.

Less-than-full level record (i.e., a record that falls between minimal level and full) created from an extant description of the material (e.g., a printed catalog card) without reinspection of the physical item. Used primarily in the retrospective conversion of records when all of the descriptive access points but only a specified subset of other data elements are transcribed. Authoritative headings may not be current.

Brief record that does not meet minimal level cataloging specifications. Headings in the records may reflect established forms to the extent that such forms were available at the time the record was created.

Less-than-full but greater-than-minimal level cataloging record that meets core record standards for completeness.

Preliminary cataloging level record that is not considered final by the creating agency (e.g., the headings may not reflect established forms; the record may not meet national-level cataloging specifications).

Record that meets the U.S. National Level Bibliographic Record minimal level cataloging specifications and is considered final by the creating agency. Headings have been checked against an authority file and reflect established forms to the extent that such forms were available at the time the minimal level record was created. The U.S. requirements for minimal-level records can be found in National Level and Minimal Level Record Requirements

Prepublication level record. Includes records created in cataloging in publication programs.

Used by an agency receiving or sending data with a local code in Leader/17 cannot adequately determine the appropriate encoding level of the record. Code u thus replaces the local code. Not used in newly input or updated records.

For example, code u is used in Dublin Core originated records.

Concept of encoding level does not apply to the record.

Descriptive portion of the record does not follow International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) cataloging and punctuation provisions.

Descriptive portion of the record is formulated according to the description and punctuation provisions as incorporated into the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd Edition (AACR 2) and its manuals.

Descriptive portion of the record contains the punctuation provisions of ISBD, except ISBD punctuation is not present at the end of a subfield.

Descriptive portion of the record contains the punctuation provisions of ISBD.

Descriptive portion of the record does not follow International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) cataloging and punctuation provisions, and punctuation is not present at the end of a subfield.

Institution receiving or sending data in Leader/18 cannot adequately determine the appropriate descriptive cataloging form used in the record. May be used in records converted from another metadata format.

The distinction between record levels is not specified or not applicable for the type of resource.

Record is for a set consisting of multiple items.

The record is for a resource which is part of a set and has a title that allows it to be independent of the set record.

The record is for a resource which is part of a set but has a title that makes it dependent on the set record to understand its context.