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Laws on Leg-Hold Animal Traps Around the World

Research & Reports | Guide to Law Online | Legal Research Guides | Legal Reports | Guides to Our Collections

The chart below contains information on laws regulating or banning the use of leg-hold traps. Where it was available, information on when each ban was established is included. In a number of jurisdictions the law generally regulates or bans all traps, or prohibits trapping in particular areas, without separately addressing the question of leg-hold traps; those jurisdictions have been included. Countries with laws that merely provide in general terms that animals must be treated humanely have not been included. Some countries, such as India and Sri Lanka, have at times considered restrictions on traps but to date have not adopted them; such countries are not listed here. The European Union (EU) entry identifies the 1991 European Economic Community (EEC) Council Regulation banning the use of leg-hold traps that is binding on all EU Member States; the entries on individual EU countries additionally provide citations to any national or local laws on the subject.

Jurisdictions from a supplemental report have been included below and indicated by an asterisk(*).

Full Report (PDF, 864KB)
Supplemental Report (PDF, 205KB)

Albania
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bermuda
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Canada
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Comoros
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the
Côte d’Ivoire
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
England and Wales
European Union
Equatorial Guinea
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia
Germany
Ghana

Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Russia
Rwanda
São Tomé e Príncipe
Scotland
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
South Sudan
Spain
Sudan
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Tajikistan
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Zambia

Albania

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Regulation of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan No. 10 of Jan. 27, 2005 on Hunting Rules in
the Republic of Azerbaijan, Part V, http://eco.gov.az/en/362-azerbaycan-respublikasinin-erazisinde-ovculugun-
aparilmasi-qaydalari-nin-ve-ovculuq-teserrufatlari-haqqinda-esasname-nin-tesdiq-edilmesi-haqqinda-azerbaycan-
respublikasi-nazirler-kabinetinin-qerari, archived at https://perma.cc/LSQ3-MD8N (in Azerbaijani).

Bahrain*

Law No. 2 of 1995 on protecting wildlife, which was promulgated by Decree, did not prohibit the use of leg-hold traps. However, article 6(a) prohibits all types of hunting unless the designated government body has issued special permission. The government body referred to by the Law is the Public Authority on the Protection of the Environment, Wildlife, Livestock, and Fisheries.[1]

Bangladesh

Provisions

Hunting of wild animals with the use of traps prohibited unless capture license granted.

Citations

Bangladesh Wild Life (Preservation) Order, No. 23 of 1973, § 6(1), Laws of Bangladesh, http://bdlaws.minlaw
.gov.bd/ print_sections_all.php?id=452, archived at https://perma.cc/6CJB-H795.

Date Ban Established: 1973

Belgium

Provisions

All hunting, including by use of traps that mistreat game, prohibited.

Citations

Lei No. 5.197, de 3 de Janeiro de 1967, art. 10(a), http://www.planalto. gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/L5197.htm,
archived at https://perma.cc/ACR5-FQPK.

Date Ban Established: 1967

Bulgaria

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Zakon za Lova i Opazvane na Divecha [Law for Hunting and Protection of the Game], No. 78 of Sept. 26, 2000,
as last amended Feb. 16, 2016, art. 65(2), http://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/ 2134941184, archived at https://perma
.cc/PRR8-N7DM, English translation available at http://lawyersforanimalprotection.eu/wp-content/uploads/2012
/10/LAW-FOR-HUNTING-AND-PROTECTION-OF-THE-GAME.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/L5J2-QYRX.

Burkina Faso

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Loi 003-2011/AN portant Code Forestier au Burkina Faso [Law 003-2011/AN Establishing the Forest Code of
Burkina Faso] art. 138, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/bkf106703.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/
2DAU-ZLER, replacing Loi No. 006/97/ADP du 31 janvier 1997 portant Code forestier au Burkina Faso [Law
No. 006.97/ADP of 31 January 1997 Establishing a Forest Code in Burkina Faso] art. 131, http://www.droit-
afrique.com/upload/doc/burkina/Burkina-Code-forestier-1997.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/5RGS-EKYJ
(prohibiting the use of traps for hunting).

Date Ban Established: At least by Jan. 31, 1997

Burundi

Provisions

All traps prohibited for hunting wild animals, unless Minister of Agriculture and Breeding gives special authorization.

Citations

Réglementation de la chasse et la protection des espèces animales [Regulation of Hunting and the Protection of
Animal Species] ¶ 7, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/bur39353.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/XYN3-QSSE.

Cameroon

Provisions

Use of “unconventional devices” for hunting prohibited absent special authorization. Unclear whether leg-hold traps considered “un-conventional devices.”

Citations

Law No. 94-1 of 20 January 1994 to Lay Down Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries Regulations arts. 80–81,
available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/cmr4845.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/72VX-CFNU.

Date Ban Established: Jan. 20, 1994

Canada

Provisions

Trapping regulated at provincial/territorial level. No absolute prohibition on leg-hold and body-gripping traps, but certain types of such traps are certified for use for specific species, in accordance with the International Humane Trapping Standards; other types of leg-hold traps permitted on certain types of animals, depending on the province. Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta have highest trapping activity in Canada.

Citations

Zakon o lovstvu [Law on Hunting], Narodne Novine [Official Gazette of
the Republic of Croatia], Nov. 17, 2005, No. 140/05, art. 64 (4), http://
www.zakon.hr/z/422/Zakon-o-lovstvu, archived at https://perma.cc
/8M3A-GQQT.

Cuba

No information could be located in print or online on any general Cuban statute specifically banning or limiting the use of leg‐hold traps or similar traps. However, a regulation governing the 2015–16 hunting season in Cuba prohibited the use of traps in hunting activities.[7]

Cyprus

Provisions

Some traps, such as those with jaws, prohibited.

Citations

EEC Council Regulation; Law on the Protection and Treatment of Wild
Birds and Animals, Law No. 152(I)/2003, art. 44, Official Gazette of
Cyprus Republic § (I), issue 3758, (Oct. 3, 2003), http://www.cylaw
.org/nomoi/arith/2003_1_152.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/9J2N-
7EXF (in Greek).

Date Ban Established: Jan. 1, 1995

Czech Republic

Provisions

Use of leg-hold traps prohibited.

Ley 248-12 de Protección Animal y Tenencia Responsable [Law on
Animal Protection], art. 60(4), Gaceta Oficial [Official Gazette] No.
10692, Aug. 5, 2012, http://www.consultoria.gov. do/consulta/ (search
for law by entering 248-12 in “número” box), archived at https://
perma.cc/K34R-KQGW.

Ecuador

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Ley de Protección de la Fauna Silvestre y de los Recursos Ictológicos,
Decreto 818, art. 16.g, Registro Oficial [RO], Nov. 20, 1970, available
at http://www.unesco.org/culture/natlaws/ media/pdf/ecuador/ecuador_
decreto_818_17_11_1970_spa_orof.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/
AHZ7-WWSD; Ley de Control de Cacería Y Vedas de Especies de
Fauna Silvestre, Decreto Ejecutivo 3516 Texto Unificado de Legislacion
Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente, art. 108, RO, Mar. 21, 2003,
http://www.agua.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/ 07/TEXTO
_UNIFICADO_LEGISLACION_SECUNDARIA_i.pdf, archived at https:
//perma.cc/7Q2P-ZA5B.

Date Ban Established: 1970?

El Salvador*

The Law on Conservation of Wildlife does not prohibit the use of leg-hold traps. Article 20 prohibits the use and mistreatment of wildlife species in all kinds of shows; in addition, their transit through the national territory must be in accordance with international conventions.[8] Article 12 states that regulatory norms will be established for the control of wildlife species that harm or threaten human health, agriculture, and livestock in the country.[9] However, such regulatory norms were not located.

The Penal Code does not penalize the use of leg-hold traps. Article 260 penalizes with imprisonment of two to four years any person who employs poison, explosives, or other instruments or skills likely to cause a similar destructive result for hunting or fishing.[10]

England and Wales

Provisions

Prohibited to:

use a spring trap that has not been approved by regulations,
use an approved spring trap in a location designed to capture other animals that are protected by legislation, or
offer for sale or sell any spring trap for any unlawful purpose.

Exemption for rodents and small ground vermin.

Citations

Pests Act 1954, 2 & 3 Eliz. 2, c. 68, http://www.legislation. gov.uk/ukpga/
Eliz2/2-3/68, archived at https://perma.cc/NYT3-U2SQ; Small Ground
Vermin Traps Order 1958, SI 1958/24, http://www.legislation.gov.uk/
uksi/1958/24/made, archived at https://perma.cc/BNL2-WBZ5; Spring
Traps Approval (England) Order 2012, SI 2012/13, http://www.legislation
.gov.uk/ uksi/2012/13/made, archived at https://perma.cc/NHW3-C5K3; Spring
Traps Approval (Wales) Order 2012, SI 2012/2941 (W. 300), http://www.
legislation.gov.uk/wsi/2012/2941/made, archived at https://perma.cc/9XQF-Y3WZ.

Date Ban Established: 1954

European Union

Provisions

Use of leg-hold traps prohibited.

The Home Rule Greenlandic Government has also issued legislation that regulates the hunting of polar bears, which specifically prohibits the use of leg-hold traps when hunting these animals.[15] Similarly, in fox-specific legislation dating back to 1989, Greenland prohibits the use of all form of traps, including leg-hold traps, that do not kill the fox immediately.[16]

Guatemala

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Ley General de Caza, Decreto 36-04 [General Hunting Law], art. 24, Diario de Centro América, Dec. 22, 2004,
http://old.congreso.gob.gt/archivos/decretos/2004/gtdcx36-04.pdf, archived at, https://perma.cc/Y4EC-YPMS.

Date Ban Established: 2004

Guinea

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited except where government authorizes their use for certain capture operations.

Citations

Loi nº L/97-038/AN du 9 décembre 1997 adoptant et promulguant le Code de protection de la faune sauvage et
réglementation de la chasse [Law No. L/97-038/AN of 9 December 1997 Adopting and Promulgating the Code
of Protection of Wildlife and Regulation of Hunting] arts. 95, 102 & 149, available at http://faolex.fao.org/
docs/pdf/gui12733.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/HL4G-UQZD.

Date Ban Established: Dec. 25, 1997

Italy

Provisions

Use of leg-hold traps (tagliole) for hunting prohibited.

Citations

EEC Council Regulation; Legge 11 febbraio 1992, n. 157 Norme per la protezione della fauna
selvatica omeoterma e per il prelievo venatorio [Law No. 157 of Feb. 11, 1992, on Protection of Warm
-blooded Wildlife and the Hunting of Specimens], art. 21(1)(u), Gazetta Ufficiale No. 46, Feb. 25, 1992,
http://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir: stato:legge:1992;157, archived at https://perma.cc/WMJ3
-JZWU.

Date Ban Established: 1992

Prikaz ispolniaiuschego obiazonnosti Ministra Selskogo Khoziaistva Respubliki Kazakhstan Ob utverzhdenii Pravil okhoty
[Order of the Acting Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Hunting Rules], No. 18-03/157 of Feb. 27,
2015, §§ 13(5), 18(21), http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/V1500011091, archived at https://perma.cc/U4UX-XGJG (in Russian).

Kenya

Provisions

Use of snares, traps, or any other device designed to cause “unnecessary suffering to an animal” banned in 1962; any use of snares, traps, or similar devices without authorization banned in 2013.

Citations

Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, No. 42 of 1962, § 6, 16 Laws of Kenya, Cap. 260 (rev. ed. 2015), http://www.kenya
law.org/lex/actview.xql?actid=CAP.%20360&term=leghold%20trap, archived at https://perma.cc/2YQV-GLW6; Wildlife
Conservation and Management Act, No. 47 of 2013 (Jan. 10, 2013), http://www.kenyalaw.org/lex//actview.xql?actid=No.
47 of 2013, archived at https://perma.cc/MED6-9UTK.

Date Ban Established: 1962

Kosovo

Provisions

Use of traps for hunting prohibited

Citations

Ligji Nr. 02/L-53 për gjuetinë [Law No. 02/L-53 on Hunting], Gazeta Zyrtare [Official Gazette of the Republic of Kosovo],
Jan. 1, 2007, No. 8, art. 9.3(c), http://gzk.rks-gov.net/ActDocumentDetail.aspx?ActID=2433, archived at https://perma.cc/
WW2W-45BR (in Albanian).

Latvia

Provisions

Hunting while using “[l]eg-hold traps and traps or snares which work nonselectively according to the terms for use or conditions for use” is illegal.

Citations

Hunting Law of July 8, 2003, as last amended Nov. 26, 2015, § 24(9)(h), http://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=77455, archived at
https://perma.cc/A5DX-QWEH (in Latvian).

Lebanon*

Lebanon’s Penal Code contains a few articles criminalizing certain acts related to animals but none includes a ban on the use of leg-hold traps.[20] Legislative instruments available on the website of the Lebanese Ministry of Agriculture, which has supervisory authority over matters related to animals,[21] and general Internet sources are also silent on the subject.

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Ley General de Vida Silvestre [General Law on Wildlife], as amended through May 2016, art. 95(a), Diario Oficial
de la Federación, July 3, 2000, http://www.diputados.gob.mx/ LeyesBiblio/pdf/146_130516.pdf, archived at https://
perma.cc/2LH7-CSCF.

Moldova

Provisions

Use of traps for hunting prohibited and considered poaching.

Citations

Zakon o Zhivotnom Mire [Law on Wildlife] No. 439 of Apr. 27, 1995, last amended Dec. 3, 2015, art. 35(d),
http://lex.justice.md/ viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=311667&lang=2, archived at https://perma.cc/
G745-U77J (in Russian).

Date Ban Established: 1995

Montenegro

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Zakon o Divljači i Lovstvu [Law on Wild Animals and Hunting] arts. 41, 66(8), Službeni List [Official Gazette],
July 29, 2008, No. 52/2008, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/mne 139648.pdf, archived at https://perma.
cc/YN2W-2TRV.

Morocco*

Nigeria*

Nigeria is a federation of thirty-six states with Abuja as its federal capital territory.[41] While the federal government enjoys exclusive legislative jurisdiction on matters affecting national parks, matters affecting the protection of wildlife outside of such areas appears to be within the purview of the states.[42]

A 1999 federal law bans the possession, use of, or setting of a snare, net trap, “or any other instrument for the purpose of capturing or killing an animal” in national parks unless authorized to do so.[43]

The laws of ten of the thirty-six states were located, and all ban the use of traps in one form or another: Anambra,[44] Bauchi,[45] Borno,[46] Cross River,[47] Enugu,[48] Kaduna,[49] Katinsha,[50] Kano,[51] Lagos,[52] and Sokoto.[53] A sample of those laws are highlighted below.

Anambra State

Anambra State prohibits the use of traps in game reserves and against protected animals. It specifically prohibits the setting of a “snare, net, trap or other instrument for the purpose of catching or killing an animal or which is likely to catch, kill or injure an animal” in a game reserve without authorization.[54] It also prohibits making or using “any game pit, net, trap for the purpose of killing or capturing any protected animal or protected bird.”[55]

Most wildlife protection legislation provincially based, with similar provisions modeled on 1970 committee recommendations. Use of snares or other traps for hunting wild animals generally prohibited, but exceptions granted for scientific or public purposes.

No information could be located in print or online on any Philippine law specifically banning or limiting the use of leg‐hold or similar traps. However, the Philippine Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act prohibits hunting wildlife.[62] In addition, the Philippine Animal Welfare Act prohibits cruelty against animals and imposes penalties of imprisonment and fines on those who exhibit such conduct.[63]

Poland

Provisions

Use of live traps for hunting predators permitted. No information found regarding types of traps that may be prohibited.

Zakon o Divljači i Lovstvu [Law on Wild Animals and Hunting] No. 18/2010, art. 76(7), Službeni Glasnik
[Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia], Mar. 26, 2010, http://www.srbijasume.rs/pdf/zakon_divljac_
lovstvo.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/Q97R-EGBW.

Seychelles*

A 1979 regulations prohibit possession of traps in the Aride Island Special Reserve and Cousin Island Special Reserve.[64] No other law specifically addressing the matter was located. Laws reviewed for this inquiry include the Wild Animals and Birds Protection Act of 1961 and its subsidiary,[65] the Environmental Protection Act of 1994,[66] and the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act of 1902.[67]

Sierra Leone

Provisions

Possession without permission of gin, trap, or snare while in a national park, game reserve, or nonhunting forest prohibited.

Citations

Wildlife Conservation Act, No. 27 of 1972 (Jan. 8, 1973), available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/sie41659.pdf,
archived at https://perma.cc/GZ8Z-FFLL.

Date Ban Established: 1973

Singapore

Provisions

Person who “nets, snares or takes by means of any contrivance” a wild animal or bird as prohibited by the Act is punishable by a fine and subject to forfeiture of the wild animal or bird.

Citations

Citations

Law on Fauna (Hunting) Forest Conservation Law, No. 15 of 1969 (Jan. 15, 1969), available at http://www.somaliland
law.com/ Law_on_Fauna_Hunting_and_Forest_Conservation_1969.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/H963-PVPG.

Date Ban Established: At least as of 1969

South Africa

Provisions

Use of “any trap or other device” for capturing or destroying any wild or domestic animal or wild bird prohibited, unless necessary for protection of property or disease prevention. Use of traps and snares for hunting listed threatened or protected species totally banned. Traps permitted for some threatened or protected species scientific or management purposes, including to hunt “damage causing animals.” Listed large predators (white rhinoceros or black rhinoceros) may not be hunted “by making a gin trap.”

Citations

Animal Protection Act, No. 71 of 1962, § 2, 3 Butterworths Statutes Of South Africa (rev. ed. 2015), version amended
through 1972 available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/ nam126907.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/X3V5-RU8B;
Threatened or Protected Species Regulations, 2007, §§ 14, 24 & 26 (Feb. 23, 2007), version updated through 2016
available at http://www.lawsofsouthafrica.up.ac.za/index.php/browse/environment-and-conservation/national-
environmental-management-biodiversity-act-10-of-2004/regulations-and-notices/10-of-2004-national-environmental
-management-biodiversity-act-regs-gnr-152-29-apr-2014-to-date-pdf/download, archived at https://perma.cc/26CQ-TBYL.

Date Ban Established: At least as of 1962

South Korea*

At present there are no Law Library research staff members versed in the Korean language. Specific information on animal trap laws was not found in English-language materials online or in the Law Library’s collection.

A White Paper from the Ministry of Environment (MOE) suggests that leg-hold trap regulations may exist even though they could not be located. The White Paper states that the MOE “worked together with private organizations to remove approximately 19,000 snares, traps, and other illegal poaching equipment set up throughout the country.”[68]

The Wildlife Protection and Management Act requires persons who intend to capture harmful wild animals to obtain permission from the local government.[69] An ordinance establishes what is needed to obtain permission and what methods of capture may be used.[70] The Enforcement Ordinance for the Wildlife Protection and Management Act states that when a person who obtained a license wants to capture a wild animal, the person may use tools, such as firearms and snares, that are permitted by the MOE. However, the person must not hurt the dignity of the animal’s life.[71] The MOE regulation that establishes which types of snares are permitted was not located.

South Sudan

Provisions

Use and possession of traps, snares, or gins without authorization for hunting or capturing animals, and conveyance of traps or snares into a national park, prohibited.

Citations

Wildlife Conservation and National Parks Act, 2003, available at http://www.gurtong.net/LinkClick.aspx?
fileticket=9EN5HHfOAFw=&tabid=342, archived at https://perma.cc/XV7F-QV8B.

Date Ban Established: At least as of 2003

Spain

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Zakon ob Okhote i Okhothichem Khoziaistve [Law on Hunting and Game Management] No. 1118 of July 26, 2014,
§ 26(2), http://www.mmk.tj/ru/legislation/legislation-base/259/, archived at https://perma.cc/X6M3-6XNB.

Tanzania

Provisions

Mainland Tanzania: Use of traps, snares, or any device capable of killing, capturing or wounding any animal in any, national park, game reserve, wetlands reserve, or game controlled area prohibited; written authorization required for other hunting use of gins, traps, or snares.

Zanzibar: Use or possession of any trap or snare in a forest reserve requires permit.

Citations

Wildlife Conservation Act, No. 5 of 2009, §§ 20 & 65 (Mar. 12, 2009), http://parliament.go.tz/polis/uploads/bills
/acts/1452145936-ActNo-5-2009.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/J5GN-5P2C; National Parks Act, No. 12 of
1959, §§ 17 & 24 (July 1, 1959), available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/tan155102.pdf, archived at https://
perma.cc/674L-E4MV; Fauna Conservation Ordinance, §34, No. 17 of 1951, 32(33) Supplement to the Tanganyika
Gazette (July 6, 1951).

Zanzibar Forest Resources Management and Conservation Act No. 10 of 1996 (Oct. 27, 1997), http://www.zanzibar
assembly. go.tz/act_1996/act_10.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/76CE-PPKQ; Wild Animals Protection Decree,
No. 7 of 1919, § 4, III Laws of the Zanzibar Protectorate (1935).

Date Ban Established: Mainland Tanzania, 1959; Zanzibar, 1935

Thailand*

At present there are no Law Library of Congress research staff members versed in the Thai language. Information concerning animal trap laws was not found in the English-language materials online or in the Law Library’s collections. Two laws were identified that may have relevant provisions, but it appears that neither mentions traps.[72]

Togo

Provisions

Use of traps prohibited.

Citations

Arrêté n° 21/MAR du 13 juillet 1983 définissant les modalités de l’exercice de la chasse [Bylaw No. 21
/MAR of 13 July 1983 Defining the Methods of Hunting] art. 5, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/texts/tog
18439.doc, archived at https://perma.cc/PQ7V-YPFB.

Date Ban Established: July 13, 1983

Trinidad and Tobago*

A search of the Law Library’s collection as well as online sources failed to identify specific acts addressing traps or cruelty toward animals. The Conservation of Wild Life Act was identified through a search of the print version of the Laws of Trinidad and Tobago (LTT), but that Act does not address traps or cruelty to animals.[73] A search of the Alphabetic List of Revised Laws, Laws of Trinidad and Tobago, published by the Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs, also has not identified any anti-cruelty provisions or provisions on animal traps.[74]

Turkey

Provisions

Use of leg-hold traps prohibited without exception.

Citations

Terrestrial Hunting Law [Kara Avciliği Kanunu], Law No. 4915 (July 1, 2003, as last amended effective Mar. 1,
2014), art. 6, http://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.4915.doc, archived at https://perma.cc/QU8H-SYAR.

Tunisia*

The National Portal of Legal Information, a part of the website of the Presidency of the Government in Tunisia, was consulted to determine if any legislation bans the use of leg-hold traps for animals. No such legislation was located. It should be noted, however, that the Tunisian Penal Code contains some provisions criminalizing other acts related to animals.[75]

Uganda

Provisions

Possession, sale, or use of traps, snares, or “similar substance[s] or device[s] capable of killing, capturing or wounding any protected species” prohibited, with some exceptions.

Citations

Wildlife Act of 1996, § 49 (Aug. 1, 1996), http://www.ulii.org/ug/ legislation/consolidated-act/200, archived
at https://perma.cc/74ZV-LSV4.

Date Ban Established: At least as of 1996

United Arab Emirates*

Federal Law No. 9 of 1983, on hunting, does not mention any prohibition on leg-hold traps. However, article 2 prohibits the hunting of hyenas, wild cows, rabbits, and agamid lizards.

There are nine emirates within the Union, each of which has its own regulations on local hunting. Information about local hunting regulations was not located, as the Law Library’s collection contains the federal laws of the United Arab Emirates, but not the local regulations of the individual emirates.[76]

Ukraine

Provisions

Production, sale, import, use, and storage of trap-like means of hunting prohibited.

Citations

Citations

Wildlife Act, No. 14 of 2015, §§ 20 & 70 (Aug. 14 of 2015), http://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/
documents/acts/TheZambia Wildlife Act, 2015.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/GY2Z-4X7V; National Parks
and Wildlife Act, No. 57 of 1968, § 84, Republic of Zambia Government Gazette, Acts (1969).

Date Ban Established: 1968

Global Legal Research Directorate Staff
Full Report: August 2016
Supplemental Report: October 2016

[1] Law No. 2 of 1995, Al-Jarīdah Al-Rasmīyah [Official Gazette], no. 2146, 11 Jan. 1995, p. 3, http://www.legalaffairs.gov.bh/LegislationSearchDetails.aspx?id=2482#.V9byFEbYjcI (in Arabic), archived at https://perma.cc/UAY8-KD2K.

[2] Wildlife Protection Act (as of Dec. 31, 2000), Cap. 220, § 3(d), http://www.belizelaw.org/web/lawadmin/ PDF%20files/cap220.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/BUM3-ANY5.

[3] Protected Species Act 2003, c. 13, http://www.bermudalaws.bm/laws/Consolidated%20Laws/Protected%20 Species%20Act%202003.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/QN84-SUQH.

[4] Endangered Animals and Plants Act 2006, c. 25, §§ 2–3, http://www.bermudalaws.bm/laws/Annual%20Laws/ 2006/Acts/Endangered%20Animals%20and%20Plants%20Act%202006.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/RE8Z-42C2.

[5] Bermuda National Trust (Open Spaces and Property) Regulations 1975, SR&O 75/1975, http://www.bermuda laws.bm/laws/Consolidated%20Laws/Bermuda%20National%20Trust%20(Open%20Spaces%20and%20Property)%20Regulations%
201975.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/AHH6-CZ9R.

[6] Bermuda Laws Online, http://www.bermudalaws.bm (last visited Sept. 21, 2016), archived at https://perma.cc/ZC2A-EN65.

[7] Agricultura Resolucion No. 976/2015 (que aprueba el calendario para la práctica de la caza, durante la temporada cinegética 2015-2016 y sus regulaciones complementarias [Resolution 976/2015 (approving the calendar for hunting season 2015–16 and its regulations)], Anexo II(Tercero), Gaceta Oficial [Official Gazette], Dec. 9, 2015, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/cub154672.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/X24V-J2N3.

[8] Decreto No. 844, Ley de Conservación de la Vida Silvestre art. 20, Diario Oficial [D.O.], May 25, 1994, http://www.asamblea.gob.sv/eparlamento/indice-legislativo/buscador-de-documentos-legislativos/ley-de-conservacion-de-vida-silvestre (click on “Descargar”), archived at https://perma.cc/BC3B-V77N.

[9] Id. art. 12.

[10] Decreto No. 1030, Código Penal art. 260, D.O., June 19, 1997, http://www.asamblea.gob.sv/eparlamento/indice-legislativo/buscador-de-documentos-legislativos/codigo-penal (click on “Descargar”), archived at https://perma.cc/UAY3-9NLQ.

[11] Lov om Grønlands Selvstyre (Lov nr. 473 af 12. juni 2009 om Grønlands Selvstyre) [Act on Greenland’s Self-Governance (Law No. 473 of June 12, 2009)], http://www.stm.dk/multimedia/selvstyreloven.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/EQ6Q-EM7Q.

[12] Id. ch. 1 § 1.

[13] Treaty Amending, with Regard to Greenland, the Treaties Establishing the European Communities, Feb. 1, 1985, 1985 O.J. (L 29) 1, http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Bruxelles/EU%20and%20 Greenland/The%20European%20Union%20and%20Greenland/Greenland%20Treaty%20eng.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/YCX2-RTHG.

[14] Landstingslov nr. 12 af 29. oktober 1999 om fangst og jagt [Parliamentary Act No. 12 of October 1999 on Fishing and Hunting] § 8, http://lovgivning.gl/lov?rid=%7b1A6BE69B-3B89-4173-BAC1-1C61736FF93C%7d#, archived at https://perma.cc/RM9T-63AP.

[15] § 9, stk 2 Hjemmestyrets bekendtgørelse nr. 21 af 22. september 2005 om beskyttelse og fangst af isbjørne [Home Rule Government Regulation No. 21 of September 22, 2005 Regarding the Protection and Hunting of Polar Bears], http://lovgivning.gl/lov?rid={699D9C77-D0A7-42D9-B90F-F9F04FA99E3D}, archived at https://perma.cc/AV2K-97R6.

[16] § 3, stk 2 Hjemmestyrets bekendtgørelse nr. 20 af 17. maj 1989 om fredning af ræve i Grønland [Home Rule Government Regulation No. 20 of May 17, 1989 on the Protection of Foxes in Greenland], http://lovgivning.gl/ lov?rid={24A1AAA3-5DB3-4D44-BF4C-C260735AF766}, archived athttps://perma.cc/C47P-VKXG.

[17] Criminal Law (Offenses) Act §§ 120, 121, Laws of Guyana, Cap. 8:01, L.R.O. (Law Revision Order) 3/1998, available on the Organization of American States website, at http://www.oas.org/juridico/spanish/mesicic2_ guy_criminal_law_act.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/E6PG-2SJV.

[18] Laws of Jamaica, Cap. 86, 1973 Rev., L.N. (Legal Notice, published in Gazette Supplement) 92c/2012, available on the Jamaica Ministry of Justice website, at http://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/The%20 Cruelty%20to%20Animals%20Act.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/66GK-4YS9.

[19] Id. § 3.

[20] Lebanese Penal Code (issued by Legislative Decree No. 340 of 1943) arts. 605 & 742, available at https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/lebanon-penal-code_html/Lebanon_Penal_Code_1943.pdf (in Arabic), archived at https://perma.cc/R4DC-PBPJ.

[21] Lebanese Republic, Ministry of Agriculture, http://www.agriculture.gov.lb/Arabic/Pages/Main.aspx (in Arabic; last visited Sept. 22, 2016), archived at https://perma.cc/Z47K-3ZH8.

[22] An Act Supplemental to “An Act for the Conservation of the Forest of the Republic of Liberia,” Passed and Approved April 17, 1953, pt. 8, “Wildlife Resources,” § 9, Feb. 28, 1957, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/ pdf/lbr3216.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/898W-EGQT.

[23] Id. § 10.

[24] Id. § 11.

[25] Wildlife and National Parks Act § 19, July 21, 1988, available at http://faolex.fao.org/cgi-bin/faolex.exe?rec_id= 002194&database=FAOLEX&search_type=link&table=result&lang=eng&[email protected], archived at https://perma.cc/G72S-NYXS.

[26] Id. § 37.

[27] Environment Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives, Law No. 4/93, available on the Environmental Protection Agency website, at http://www.epa.gov.mv/images/stories/laws%20and%20Regulations/Environment%20Protection%20and%20Preservation%20Act%20
%28Law%20No.%204-93%29/English.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/8NK5-ZJQW.

[28] Laws & Regulations, Environmental Protection Agency, Republic of Maldives, http://www.epa.gov.mv/ index.php?option=com_content&view=section&id=7&Itemid=8 (last visited Sept. 30, 2016), archived at https://perma.cc/T7LA-7ZJK.

[29] Regulation on the Protection and Conservation of the Environment in Tourism Industry (made pursuant to Maldives Tourism Act, Law No. 2/99) (unofficial translation), http://www.tourism.gov.mv/downloads/unofficial-translation.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/368E-TQJR.

[30] Id. § 3.

[31] Statutes, Attorney General’s Office, http://agoffice.gov.mv/english/laws.html, archived at https://perma.cc/YYY9-7585.

[32] Moroccan Penal Code (issued by Royal Decree No. 1.59.413 of 1962, as amended), arts. 601–603, http://adala.justice.gov.ma/production/legislation/ar/Nouveautes/القانون الجنائي.pdf (in Arabic), archived at https://perma.cc/S77V-NSHS.

[33] Ley No. 559, Ley Especial de Delitos Contra el Medio Ambiente y los Recursos Naturales art. 37, Oct. 26, 2005, La Gaceta [L.G.], No. 225, Nov. 21, 2005, available at http://www.fao.org/forestry/12966-01d2c590f5db3fda9 fe2e0e504befef1a.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/5LKA-2GLW.

[34] Ley No. 641, Código Penal, L.G., May 5–9, 2008, available at https://www.oas.org/juridico/mla/sp/nic/ sp_nic_Nuevo_Codigo_Penal_%20Nicaragua_2007.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/4D4B-2HWN.

[35] Loi No. 98-07 du 29 Avril 1998 portant régime de la chasse et de la protection de la faune [Law No. 98-07 of 29 April 1998 Establishing a Regulation on Hunting and the Protection of Fauna], available at http://www.coderural-niger.net/IMG/pdf/04-_Loi_N98-007_chasse_et_protection_de_la_faune.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/LZP4-YHA5.

[36] Décret No. 98-295/PRN/MH/E du 29 octobre 1998 déterminant les modalités d’application de la loi No. 98-07 du 29 Avril 1998 portant régime de la chasse et de la protection de la faune [Decree No. 98-295/PRN/MH/E of 29 October 1998 Determining the Terms of Application of Law No. 98-07 of 29 April 1998 Establishing a Regulation on Hunting and the Protection of Fauna], available at http://www.coderural-niger.net/IMG/pdf/18-_Dcret_N98-295_chasse_et_faune.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/PG8P-CAXB.

[37] Loi No. 98-07 du 29 Avril 1998, arts. 3 & 5.

[38] Id. art. 8.

[39] Décret No. 98-295/PRN/MH/E du 29 octobre 1998, art. 24.

[40] Loi No. 98-07 du 29 Avril 1998, art. 22.

[41] Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, § 3, available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/ lexdocs/laws/en/ng/ng014en.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/HMG5-8BZH.

[42] Id. § 4.

[43] National Parks Service Act, No. 46 of 1999, §§ 30 & 31, May 29, 1999, as amended in 2006, available on the Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre (PLAC) website, at http://lawsofnigeria.placng.org/laws/N65.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/3DLQ-8GT5.

[44] Wild Animals Law of 1965, § 30, 7 Laws of Anambra State of Nigeria, Cap. 130 (rev. ed. 1979).

[45] Wild Animals Edict of 1984, § 33, 3 Laws of Bauchi State of Nigeria, Cap. 167 (rev. ed. 1991).

[46] Wild Animals Law of 1963, §§ 27 & 33, 3 Laws of Borno State, Cap. 143 (rev. ed. 1994).

[47] Wild Animals Preservation Law: Wild Animals Preservation (Licences) Regulations, No. 12 of 1916, § 10, 6 Laws of the Cross River State of Nigeria, Cap. 127 (rev. ed. 1981); Wild Animals Preservation Law: Wild Animals Preservation (Traps) Regulations, No. 78 of 1944, §§ 2 & 3, 6 Laws of the Cross River State of Nigeria, Cap. 127 (rev. ed. 1981).

[48] Wild Animals Preservation Law of 1991: Wild Animals Preservation (Licences) Regulations § 3, 6 Revised Laws of Enugu State of Nigeria, Cap. 157 (rev. ed. 2004).

[49] Wild Animals Law of 1963, § 27, 3 Laws of Kaduna State of Nigeria, Cap. 162 (rev. ed. 1991).

[50] Wild Animals Law of 1963, § 27, 3 Laws of Kantisha State of Nigeria, Cap. 143 (rev. ed. 1991).

[51] Wild Animals Law of 1963, § 27, Laws of Kano State of Nigeria, Cap. 151 (rev. ed. 1991).

[52] Wild Life Preservation Law: Wild Life Preservation (Licences) Regulations § 10, 7 Law of Lagos State of Nigeria (rev. ed. 2003); Wild Life Preservation Law: Wild Life Preservation (Traps) Regulations §§ 1 & 2 (rev. ed. 2013).

[53] Wild Animals Law of 1963, § 27, 4 Laws of Sokoto State of Nigeria, Cap. 151 (rev. ed. 1993).

[54] Wild Animals Law of 1965, § 30, 7 Laws of Anambra State of Nigeria, Cap. 130 (rev. ed. 1979).

[55] Wild Animals Law: Wild Animals Preservation (Licenses) Regulations § 10, 7 Laws of Anambra State of Nigeria, Cap. 130 (rev. ed. 1979).

[56] Wild Animals Edict of 1984, § 33, 3 Laws of Bauchi State of Nigeria, Cap. 167 (rev. ed. 1991).

[57] Id. § 26.

[58] Id. § 2.

[59] Wild Animals Preservation Law: Wild Animals Preservation (Licences) Regulations § 10.

[60] Wild Animals Preservation Law: Wild Animals Preservation (Traps) Regulations § 2.

[61] Id. § 3.

[62] Republic Act 9147, Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act § 27-f, July 30, 2001, http://www.gov. ph/2001/07/30/republic-act-no-9417, archived at https://perma.cc/BH3N-DS5W.

[63] Republic Act 8485, Animal Welfare Act, as amended, §§ 1, 9, Feb. 11, 1998, reproduced in Biodiversity Management Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Wildlife Rescue Center: Manual of Operations 59–60 (2014), http://www.bmb.gov.ph/index.php/mainmenu-publications/references/ doc_download/917-wrc-manual-of-operation, archived at https://perma.cc/QBC2-TC4P.

[64] National Parks and Nature Conservancy Act: National Parks (Aride Island Special Reserve) Regulations § 6, Oct. 16, 1979; National Parks and Nature Conservancy Act: National Parks (Cousin Island Special Reserve) Regulations, Oct. 16, 1979, both Acts available at http://www.seylii.org/files/Cap%20141%20National%20Parks %20and%20Nature%20Conservancy%20Act_0.docx, archived at https://perma.cc/4FCS-TMQ5.

[65] Wild Animals and Birds Protection Act No. 37 of 1961, Apr. 14, 1961, available at http://www.seylii.org/ files/Cap%20247%20Wild%20Animals%20and%20Birds%20Protection%20Act.doc, archived at https://perma.cc/JJD6-P94U.

[66] Environment Protection Act, No. 9 of 1994, Mar. 1, 1995, available at http://www.seylii.org/files/Cap%20 71%20Environment%20Protection%20Act_0.doc, archived at https://perma.cc/H9BU-TNYH.

[67] Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, No. 23 of 1902 (Oct. 2, 1902), available at http://www.seylii.org/files/Cap%20179%20Prevention%20of%20Cruelty%20to%20Animals%20Act.doc, archived at https://perma.cc/CVL7-2EWC.

[68] 4 MOE, ECOREA: Environmental Review 2015, Korea, ch. 8 at 7, http://eng.me.go.kr/eng/file/ readDownloadFile.do;jsessionid=KEirW1aWT5dlLMd7PL1x6Al4rPwPKGrbXbkTDGT12EZLRU09Q8ajmWGlvMtnYG1V.meweb
2vhost_servlet_engine3?fileId=121529&fileSeq=5, archived at https://perma.cc/2B5A-VHEQ.

[69] Act No. 10977, July 28, 2011, amended by Act No. 12521, Mar. 24, 2014, art. 23(1), http://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_ service/lawView.do?hseq=32441&lang=ENG, archived at https://perma.cc/92Y8-U4XG.

[70] Id. art. 23(7).

[71] Enforcement Ordinance for the Wildlife Protection and Management Act, MOE Ordinance No. 171, Feb. 7, 2005, amended by MOE Ordinance No. 633, Dec. 31, 2015, art. 31(2)(a).

[72] Wild Animal Reservation and Protection Act, B.E. 2535 (1992), available at http://thailaws.com/law/t_laws/ tlaw0317.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/TX4W-8UJA; Prevention of Animal Cruelty and Provision of Animal Welfare Act, B.E. 2557 (2014), http://app-thca.krisdika.go.th/Naturesig/CheckSig?whichLaw=law2&folderName =%bb53&lawPath=%bb53-20-2557-a0001, (in Thai, examined using online translation service), archived at https://perma.cc/75F5-K99C.

[73] Act 16 of 1958, as amended, LTT ch. 67: 0l L.R.O. 1/2013, earlier version of Act, L.R.O. 1/1980, available at http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/tri4483.pdf, archived at https://perma.cc/MEB8-9YCW.

[74] Alphabetic List of Revised Laws, Ministry of the Attorney General and Legal Affairs, http://www.legal affairs.gov.tt/Laws_listing.html (last visited Sept. 8, 2016), archived at https://perma.cc/4RLE-MU7E.

[75] Tunisian Penal Code of 1913, as amended, arts. 310 & 317, http://www.legislation.tn/sites/default/files/ codes/PenalArabe.pdf (in Arabic), archived at https://perma.cc/Y2DA-AL6V.

[76] Law No. 9 of 1983, Al-Jarīdah Al-Rasmīyah, vol. 133, 19 Dec. 1983, p. 11, available at http://qistas.com/ legislations/uae/view/23623 (in Arabic), archived at https://perma.cc/3Z6S-XWSY.

Last Updated: 12/12/2016