031 - Musical Incipits Information (R)
MARC 21 Authority - Full
October 2004
First Indicator
Undefined
# - Undefined
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Second Indicator
Undefined
# - Undefined
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Subfield Codes
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$a - Number of work (NR)
$b - Number of movement (NR)
$c - Number of excerpt (NR)
$d - Caption or heading (R)
$e - Role (NR)
$g - Clef (NR)
$m - Voice/instrument (NR)
$n - Key signature (NR)
$o - Time signature (NR)
$p - Musical notation (NR)
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$q - General note (R)
$r - Key or mode (NR)
$s - Coded validity note (R)
$t - Text incipit (R)
$u - Uniform Resource Identifier (R)
$y - Link text (R)
$z - Public note (R)
$2 - System code (NR)
$6 - Linkage (NR)
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R)
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FIELD DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Coded data representing the musical incipit for music using established notation schemes
that employ ordinary ASCII symbols. Used in an established heading record primarily to
identify music manuscripts, but can be applied to any material containing music.
GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS
■ INDICATORS
- Both indicators are undefined; each contains a blank (#).
■ SUBFIELD CODES
$a - Number of work Code that indicates the work to which the incipit applies. The numeric code is
based strictly on the order and presentation of works within the catalog record.
If the record describes only one work, use 1.
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| 031 |
##$a2
[An incipit identifying the second sonata of a set of six.] |
$b - Number of movement Code that indicates the movement within a work to which the incipit applies. The
numeric code is based strictly on the order and presentation of parts within the
work. If the work has only one movement use 1.
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| 031 |
##$b3
[An incipit identifying the third movement of a symphony.] |
$c - Number of excerpt Code that indicates the order of incipits within the movement defined in subfield
$b. If there is only one incipit for a movement, use 1.
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| 031 |
##$c1
[An incipit for the instrumental introduction of an aria.] |
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| 031 |
##$c2
[An incipit for the vocal part of an aria.] |
$d - Caption or heading
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| 031 |
##$dAria. Allegro
[The transcribed heading of the movement.] |
$e - Role Name of the character singing the incipit coded in subfield $p (Musical
notation), when appropriate.
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| 031 |
##$eSara
[Name of character in the aria.] |
$g - Clef Clef of the incipit, as it appears in the source. Use the appropriate code from
the scheme specified in $2.
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| 031 |
##$gF-4
[The incipit uses the bass clef (Plaine & Easie Code).] |
$m - Voice/instrument Name of the voice or instrument coded in subfield $p (Musical
notation). Subfield $m is usually in coded form, derived from a
controlled list maintained by the cataloging agency. Terms may also be taken from
the item being cataloged if there is no appropriate code available.
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| 031 |
##$mS
[RISM code for Soprano voice.] |
$n - Key signature Key signature of the incipit. The letter “x” indicates sharps and the letter “b”
indicates flats followed by capital letters to indicate the affected pitches.
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| 031 |
##$nxFCG
[The incipit is in A major with three sharps.] |
$o - Time signature Time signature or mensuration sign of the incipit. The time signature may be
transcribed as a symbol (for mensural notation use “c”, “c.”, “o”, or ”o.”; or “c”
for common time, “c/” for alla breve) and/or a number (“3", “2", “c3", etc.) or a
fraction (“4/4", “12/8", etc.) or "nd" if marking is not present. Use of subfield
$o is mandatory if subfield $p is present or subfield
$2 contains either code "pe" or "da."
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| 031 |
##$oc
[The incipit is in common time.] |
$p - Musical notation Notation symbols of the code specified in subfield $2 to transcribe the
first 10-12 notes of the selected staff. The code system used in indicated in
subfield $2.
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| 031 |
##$p'2B4B8BB/4G8GxF4FF/4xA8AA4.At8B/4B$2pe
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$q - General note Free-text general note.
$r - Key or mode Key or mode of the incipit, if applicable. The following codes from the Plaine
& Easie Code may be used:
- Capital letters A-G indicate major keys
- Lowercase letters a-g indicate minor keys
- Letter “x” indicates sharps
- Letter “b” indicates flats
- Numbers 1-12 indicate Gregorian modes
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| 031 |
##$re
[The movement is in the key of E minor.] |
$s - Coded validity note Note in coded form on the validity of the information.
- Question mark (“?”) indicates that there is a mistake in the incipit that
has not been corrected
- Plus sign (“+”) indicates that there is a mistake in the incipit that has
been corrected
- Letter “t” indicates that the incipit has been transcribed (e.g. from
mensural notation)
- Exclamation point (“!”) indicates that incipit discrepancies have been
commented on in subfield $q (General note).
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| 031 |
##$s?
[There is a mistake in the incipit that has not been corrected.] |
$t - Text incipit Literary text (if present) as it appears on the source. It is usually the text
corresponding to the music in the incipit. If the source has multiple texts
(usually recorded to accommodate contrafactum texts), each corresponding text
string is transcribed in a separate occurrence of $t.
$u - Uniform Resource Identifier Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), for example a URL or URN, which provides
electronic access data in a standard syntax. This data can be used for automated
access to an electronic item using one of the Internet protocols. URIs usually
recorded include audio files (such as .mid, .wav., .mp3), image files (.jpg,
.tiff, .gif) or notational files (such as enigma or niff).
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| 031 |
##$uhttp://www.classicalarchives.com/cgi-bin/n.cgi/prep/6/jsbbrc11.mid
[A MIDI file of the incipit is located online.] |
$y - Link text Link text which is used for display in place of the URL in subfield $u.
When subfield $y is present, applications should use the contents of
subfield $y as the link instead of the content of subfield
$u when linking to the destination in subfield $u.
$z - Public note Note relating to the electronic location of the source identified in the field.
The note is written in a form that is adequate or intended for public display.
$2 - System code MARC code that identifies the encoding system used to transcribe the musical notation in subfield $p
(Musical notation). Use of subfield $2 is mandatory if subfield
$p is present. Code from:
Musical Incipit Scheme Source Codes.
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| 031 |
##$p'2B4B8BB/4G8GxF4FF/4xA8AA4.At8B/4B$2pe
[The incipit is encoded using the Plaine & Easie Code.] |
$8 - Field link and sequence number
■ EXAMPLES
Coding of Aria, S Rei d'impuniti eccessi:
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| 031 |
##$a01$b01$c01$mS$dAria$tRei d’impuniti eccessi$re$gC-1$oc$p'2B4B8BB/4G8GxF4FF/4xA8AA4.At8B/4B$2pe
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Coding of the Scena ed aria Deh parlate che forse tacendo by Cimarosa:
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| 031 |
##$a01$b01$c01$mvl1$dScena. Largo$lG-2$nbBEA$oc$p'C+8(3{CDEFG};5)}8{GC}{,nB'G}4(-)/''2G+6{GnB'''C''E}6{DCAG}$2pe
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| 031 |
##$aa$b01$c02$mS$eSara$dScena. Largo$gC-1$nbBEA$oc$tChi per pietà mi dice il figlio mio che fà$p=5/4-''6C3CC6DEgF6CC8-6ED/q8D4C8C'nB''4D-/2-/$2pe
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| 031 |
##$a01$b02$c01$mvl1$dAria. Allegro$gG-2$nbBEA$oc$p6{'EDEF}{GABG}{EDEF}{GABG}/{''C'BAG}{FEDC},4B-/$2pe
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##$a01$b02$c01$mS$dSara$dAria. Allegro$gC-1$nbBEA$oc$tDeh parlate che forse tacendo$p2-/2-''4.F8D/gC'8BB4-2(-)/=2/''2E'G/''4.C'8A4F-/-Fq8B4A8GF/$2pe
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DARMS coding and URL of MIDI source of J.S. Bach’s Brandenburg Concerto Nr.1 BWV 1046, 1st oboe part:
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| 031 |
##$a01$b01$c01$mOb. 1$gG-2$nbB$oc$pRE 9S(( 8)) 9(( 8 9 8)) 9E( 6) 7( 6S( 5)) / 4S(( 3 2 3))/$uhttp://www.classicalarchives.com/cgi-bin/n.cgi/prep/6/jsbbrc11.mid$2da
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