008 - Fixed-Length Data Elements (NR)
MARC 21 Authority - Concise
2007
Forty character positions (00-39) that contain positionally-defined data elements that
provide coded information about the record as a whole or about special aspects of the
1XX heading or 4XX/5XX tracing fields. Undefined character positions contain a blank
(#). All defined character positions must contain a defined code; for some 008
positions, this may be the fill character (|). The fill character may be used (in
certain character positions) when a cataloging organization makes no attempt to code the
character position. Field 008 is not repeatable.
Character Positions00-05 - Date entered on file Computer-generated, six numeric characters that indicates the date the MARC record
was created. The date is given in the pattern yymmdd (yy for the
year, mm for the month, and dd for the day).
06 - Direct or indirect geographic subdivision Whether the 1XX heading may be subdivided geographically when used as a subject
heading and, if so, the method of subdivision used.
# - Not subdivided geographically1XX heading is not to be subdivided geographically when used in a subject
access entry in a bibliographic record.
d - Subdivided geographically-directHeading is followed immediately by the name of the specific place to which the
heading is limited without the interposition of a subdivision for the name of
the larger geographic entity.
i - Subdivided geographically-indirectName of the larger geographic entity is interposed between the heading and the
subdivision for the specific place to which the heading is limited.
n - Not applicableHeading is unestablished or is an established heading that is not appropriate
for use as a subject added entry in bibliographic records (008/15, code b).
| - No attempt to code
07 - Romanization scheme Whether the 1XX heading field contains the romanized form of a name or uniform
title and identifies the romanization scheme used.
a - International standard
b - National standard
c - National library association standard
d - National library or bibliographic agency standard
e - Local standard
f - Standard of unknown origin
g - Conventional romanization or conventional form of name in language of
cataloging agency
n - Not applicable1XX heading is not romanized.
| - No attempt to code
08 - Language of catalog Whether the heading in the 1XX field and its associated reference structure (that
is, the headings in the 1XX, 260, 360, 4XX, 5XX, 663 and 664 fields) are valid
according to the rules used in establishing headings for English-language
catalogs, French-language catalogs, or both.
# - No information provided
b - English and French
e - English only
f - French only
| - No attempt to code
09 - Kind of record Whether the authority record represents an established or unestablished 1XX
heading.
a - Established heading100-15X field contains an established name, name/title,
uniform title, topical term, or one of these used in an extended subject
heading.
b - Untraced reference100-15X field contains an unestablished heading that is not
authorized for use as the element in an access point in a bibliographic record.
The heading is not traced as a 4XX See From Tracing field in any other
authority record. The reference record contains a Complex See Reference (260)
or a General Explanatory Reference (666) field to guide the user to established
heading(s).
c - Traced reference100-15X field contains an unestablished heading that is traced
as a 4XX field in the record for each established heading referred to in fields
260 or 664.
d - Subdivision18X field contains an unestablished heading that may be used
as a subject subdivision with an established heading.
e - Node label15X field contains an unestablished term that is the
authorized form that is used in the systematic section of a thesaurus to
indicate the logical basis on which a category has been divided.
f - Established heading and subdivision15X field contains an established heading that may be used as
a main term and as a subject subdivision.
g - Reference and subdivision15X field contains an unestablished heading that may be used
as a reference term and as a subject subdivision.
| - No attempt to code
10 - Descriptive cataloging rules Descriptive cataloging rules used to formulate a name, name/title, or uniform
title 1XX heading in established heading or reference records.
a - Earlier rulesFormulation of the 1XX heading conforms to descriptive cataloging rules used
prior to the 1967 publication of Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR
1).
b - AACR 1Formulation of the 1XX heading conforms to the 1967 Anglo-American
Cataloging Rules (AACR 1).
c - AACR 2Formulation of the 1XX heading conforms to the second edition (1978) or later
editions of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR 2) or published
cataloging manuals based on the AACR 2.
d - AACR 2 compatible headingFormulation of the 1XX heading does not follow but is considered compatible
with AACR 2.
z - OtherFormulation of the 1XX heading conforms to a set of descriptive cataloging
conventions other than what is specified by one of the other defined codes.
n - Not applicable1XX heading is not a name, name/title, or uniform title formulated according to
descriptive cataloging rules and is not appropriate for use as a main or added
entry in bibliographic records.
| - No attempt to code
11 - Subject heading system/thesaurus Identifies the subject heading system/thesaurus conventions used to formulate the
1XX heading in established heading, reference, subdivision, or node label
records.
a - Library of Congress Subject Headings1XX heading conforms to Library of Congress Subject Headings
(LCSH).
b - LC subject headings for children's literature1XX heading conforms to the "AC Subject Headings" section of LCSH.
c - Medical Subject Headings1XX heading conforms to Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).
d - National Agricultural Library subject authority file1XX heading conforms to the NAL subject authority file.
k - Canadian Subject Headings1XX heading conforms to Canadian Subject Headings.
n - Not applicable1XX heading does not conform to subject heading system/thesaurus conventions
and is not appropriate for use as a subject added entry in bibliographic
records.
r - Art and Architecture Thesaurus1XX heading conforms to Art and Architecture Thesaurus.
s - Sears List of Subject Heading1XX heading conforms to Sears List of Subject Headings.
v - Répertoire de vedettes-matière1XX heading conforms to Répertoire de vedettes-matière.
z - Other1XX heading conforms to subject heading system/thesaurus conventions other than
that specified by one of the other defined codes. A MARC code for the
conventions used to formulate the heading may be contained in subfield
$f (Subject heading/thesaurus conventions) in field 040 (Cataloging
Source).
| - No attempt to code
12 - Type of series Type of series contained in the 1XX heading field in an established heading
record.
a - Monographic series1XX field contains an established heading for a collective title that applies
to a group of separate publications and/or subseries, each of which also has
its own title.
b - Multipart item1XX field contains an established heading for a collective title that applies
to a multipart monographic publication.
c - Series-like phrase1XX field contains a phrase that is not being used as a series in a
bibliographic record.
n - Not applicable1XX field does not represent a series or a series-like phrase and is not
appropriate for use as a series added entry in bibliographic records.
z - Other1XX field contains a heading for a publication that does not fit any of the
other defined codes but for which series-type treatment is required.
| - No attempt to code
13 - Numbered or unnumbered series Numbering characteristics of the series (or series-like phrase) represented by the
1XX heading.
a - Numbered
b - Unnumbered
c - Numbering varies
n - Not applicable1XX heading is not a series heading (008/12, code n).
| - No attempt to code
14 - Heading use-main or added entry Whether the 1XX field contains an established heading that conforms to descriptive
cataloging rules and, therefore, is appropriate for use as a 1XX main entry or 7XX
added entry field in bibliographic records.
a - Appropriate1XX field contains an established name, name/title, or uniform title that
conforms to descriptive cataloging rules.
b - Not appropriate1XX heading in an established heading record does not conform to descriptive
cataloging conventions or the 1XX field contains an unestablished heading in a
reference, subdivision, or node label record.
| - No attempt to code
15 - Heading use-subject added entry Whether the 1XX field contains an established heading that conforms to subject
heading system/thesaurus conventions and, therefore, is appropriate for use as a
6XX subject access entry in bibliographic records.
a - Appropriate1XX field contains an established heading name, name/title, uniform title,
topical term, or extended subject heading that conforms to subject heading
system/thesaurus conventions.
b - Not appropriate1XX heading in an established heading record does not conform to subject
heading system/thesaurus conventions or the 1XX field contains an unestablished
heading in a reference, subdivision, or node label record.
| - No attempt to code
16 - Heading use-series added entry Whether the 1XX field contains an established heading that conforms to descriptive
cataloging rules, and, therefore, is appropriate for use as a series added entry
in bibliographic records (4XX Series Statement-Added Entry; 8XX Series Added
Entry).
a - Appropriate1XX heading in an established heading record represents one of the types of
series coded in 008/12 (code a, b, c, or z).
b - Not appropriate1XX heading in an established heading record does not represent one of the
types of series coded in 008/12 (code n) or the 1XX field contains an
unestablished heading in a reference, subdivision, or node label record.
| - No attempt to code
17 - Type of subject subdivision Type of authorized subject subdivision contained in the 1XX heading field in a
subdivision record, an established heading and subdivision record, or a reference
and subdivision record. Code n is used in all other kinds of records.
a - Topical
b - Form
c - Chronological
d - Geographic
e - Language
n - Not applicable1XX heading is not an authorized subject subdivision.
| - No attempt to code
18-27 - Undefined character positions Ten character positions that are undefined; each may contain a blank (#) or a fill
character (|).
28 - Type of government agency Type of subject subdivision heading contained in the 1XX field of a subdivision
record, an established heading and subdivision record, or a reference and
subdivision record.
# - Not a government agency
a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component
c - Multilocal
f - Federal/national
i - International intergovernmental
l - Local
m - Multistate
o - Government agency-type undetermined
s - State, provincial, territorial, dependent, etc.
u - Unknown if heading is government agency
z - Other
| - No attempt to code
29 - Reference evaluation Whether the 4XX/5XX tracing fields have been evaluated for their consistency with
the rules used to formulate the 1XX heading in the record.
a - Tracings are consistent with the heading
b - Tracings are not necessarily consistent with the heading
n - Not applicableRecord contains no 4XX/5XX tracing fields.
| - No attempt to code
30 - Undefined character position Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
31 - Record update in process Whether a change in any field in a record is being considered.
a - Record can be used
b - Record is being updatedChange in the record is being considered and it may not be advisable to use the
1XX heading in bibliographic records.
| - No attempt to code
32 - Undifferentiated personal name Whether the personal name in a name or name/title heading contained in field 100
in an established heading record or a reference record is used by one person or by
two or more persons.
a - Differentiated personal namePersonal name in field 100 is a unique name.
b - Undifferentiated personal namePersonal name in field 100 is used by two or more persons.
n - Not applicable1XX heading is not a personal name or the personal name is a family name.
| - No attempt to code
33 - Level of establishment Extent to which the formulation of the 100-15X heading conforms to the descriptive
cataloging rules coded in 008/10 and/or the subject heading system/thesaurus
conventions coded in 008/11.
a - Fully established
b - Memorandum100-151 heading is fully established but it has not been used in a
bibliographic record. The authority work was done before the decision was made
to not use the heading in a bibliographic record; however, the information is
retained for probable future use. When the heading is used in a bibliographic
record, code b may be changed to code a or c.
c - Provisional100-151 heading cannot be formulated satisfactorily because of inadequate
information. Further investigation should be made when the heading is next used
in a bibliographic record. When the needed information is available, code c may
be changed to code a.
d - Preliminary100-151 heading is taken from a bibliographic record because the bibliographic
item is not available at the time the heading is established. When the heading
is used in a bibliographic record created from cataloging with an item in hand,
code d may be changed to code a.
n - Not applicable1XX field contains an unestablished heading in a reference, subdivision,
reference and subdivision, or node label record.
| - No attempt to code
34-37 - Undefined character positions Four character positions are undefined; each contains a blank (#) or a fill
character (|).
38 - Modified record Whether the record is modified from its intended content because it required
characters that could not be converted into machine-readable form (e.g., nonroman
characters) or because it exceeded a system-imposed maximum allowable length.
# - Not modified
s - ShortenedSome of the data has been omitted because the record would have exceeded the
maximum length allowed by a particular system.
x - Missing charactersCharacters that could not be converted into machine-readable form due to
character set limitations are missing from the record.
| - No attempt to code
39 - Cataloging source Creator of an authority record. If the cataloging source is known, it is
identified in subfield $a of field 040 (Cataloging Source). The parties
responsible for the MARC authority record are determined by the code in 008/39 and
the MARC code(s) or name(s) in field 040.
# - National bibliographic agency
c - Cooperative cataloging programCreator of the authority data is a participant (other than a national
bibliographic agency) in a cooperative cataloging program.
d - OtherOrganization that is other than a national bibliographic agency or a
participant in a cooperative cataloging program.
u - UnknownCreator of the authority data is unknown. This code is used when an
organization transcribes manual authority data from an unknown source.
| - No attempt to code