Field has no indicators or subfield codes; the data elements are positionally defined.
| Character Positions | |
| 18-19 - Form of composition (006/01-02) | |
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| 20 - Format of music (006/03) | |
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| 21 - Music parts (006/04) | |
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| 22 - Target audience (006/05) | |
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| 23 - Form of item (006/06) | |
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| 24-29 - Accompanying matter (006/07-12) | |
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| 30-31 - Literary text for sound recordings (006/13-14) | |
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| 32 - Undefined (006/15) | |
| 33 - Transposition and arrangement (006/16) | |
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| 34 - Undefined (006/17) | |
Music definition of field 008/18-34 is used when Leader/06 (Type of record) contains code c (Notated music), d (Manuscript notated music), i (Nonmusical sound recording), or j (Musical sound recording). Field 008 positions 01-17 and 35-39 are defined the same in all 008 fields and are described in the 008-All materials section.
Field 008/18-34 correspond to equivalent positionally defined data elements in field 006/01-17 when field 006/00 (Form of material) contains code c (Notated music), d (Manuscript notated music), i (Nonmusical sound recording), or j (Musical sound recording). Details about specific codes defined for the equivalent character positions in field 006 and 008 for music are provided in the Guidelines for Applying Content Designators of 008-Music section only.
Two-character alphabetic code that indicates the form of composition. Codes are based on Library of Congress subject headings. If more than one code is appropriate, the code mu (Multiple forms) is used in 008/18-19 and all appropriate specific codes are given in field 047 (Form of Composition). Code mu (Multiple forms) may also signify that field 047 (Form of Composition) contains non-MARC composition codes.
Form of composition code is based on the terminology in the work itself and is intended to provide a coded approach to the content of the work. In addition to codes for forms, the list also includes codes for musical genres (e.g., Ragtime music). Codes should be assigned when they apply to the item as a whole (e.g., if the item is a symphony and one of the movements is in sonata form, only the code for symphonies is recorded). Codes for which special information is needed for proper application are described below. Other codes are described in music reference sources. Non music sound recordings do not have a form of composition and are coded nn (Not applicable).
Used for canons and rounds (i.e., compositions employing strict imitation throughout).
Used for instrumental music that is designated as a canzona.
Includes music for individual dances except for mazurkas, minuets, pavans, polonaises, and waltzes, which have separate codes.
Used for instrumental music designated as a divertimento, serenade, cassation, divertissement, or a notturno.
Generic term which refers to all the Flamenco styles, or "palos", and to other forms of song and dance coming from the folkloric tradition of Spanish gypsies.
Used for folk music and includes folk songs, etc.
Includes instrumental music designated as fantasia, fancies, fantasies, etc.
Form of composition is not applicable to the item. Used for any item that is a non-music sound recording.
Includes all types of ostinato basses.
Used only when the work is intended for teaching purposes (usually entitled Studies, Etudes, etc.).
Used for a large number of more specific terms which describe Spanish and Spanish American theatre music: "tonadilla escénica", "fiestas de música", "sainetes líricos", "entremeses cómico-lírico," etc.
Used when the only indication given is the number of instruments and the medium of performance. No structure or genre is given, although they may be implied or understood.
Characteristic form of Spanish polyphony, religious or secular, from the 16th to 18th centuries. Religious villancicos were usually sung in important ceremonies (including Christmas, when these songs were sometimes called “pastoradas”).
Term applicable to all musical plays taking that name, from the “fiestas de zarzuela” of the 17th/18th-centuries to the so-called “zarzuela moderna” (“modern zarzuela”) from the mid 19th to the mid 20th-century.
None of the other defined codes are appropriate (e.g., incidental music, electronic music, etc.).
One-character code that indicates the format of a musical composition (e.g., piano-conductor score). Unless otherwise indicated, the values apply to music written using graphic, symbolic (e.g., staff), or word-based notation.
Information for this data element is generally derived from terms appearing in field 300 (Physical Description). If the item being cataloged consists of one or more scores along with other materials (e.g., one or more parts), consider only the score or scores in coding this character position. Used for notated music; for sound recordings, use code n (Not applicable).
Staff notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble (instrumental and/or vocal), arranged so that they can be read simultaneously. Note: code l (Score) may be used for works recorded with graphic, symbolic (e.g., staff), or word-based notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble, arranged so that they can be read simultaneously, or a work for solo performer or electronic media.
| 008/20 | a | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 score (11 p.) ... | ||||||||
Miniature score that is usually smaller in size and not intended to be used in performances.
| 008/20 | b | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 miniature score ... | ||||||||
Score with instrumental accompaniment reduced for keyboard(s). For chorus scores and vocal scores prefer codes h (Chorus score) and k (Vocal score).
| 008/20 | c | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 score (36 p.) + 1 part ... [Accompaniment reduced for keyboard] |
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Score for solo and/or choral voice(s) with the accompaniment omitted. Vocal works originally unaccompanied are assigned other codes as appropriate. For chorus scores and vocal scores, prefer codes h (Chorus score) and k (Vocal score).
| 008/20 | d | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 vocal score ... [Accompaniment omitted] |
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Orchestral or band music that has been reduced. It may be part of an ensemble work for a particular instrument, with cues for other instruments. Such a score is used by an individual playing the instrument for which the score was written or for the conductor. Prefer code i (Condensed score) or code j (Performer-conductor part) if the two types of scores can be distinguished.
| 008/20 | e | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 condensed score ... | ||||||||
Score (e.g., a hymnal) that has separate parts transcribed in condensed form.
| 008/20 | g | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 close score ... | ||||||||
Score of a work for solo voices and chorus showing only the parts for chorus, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted. Note: see code k (Vocal score) for scores that include solo voices as well as chorus parts.
Score that has been reduced, generally organized by instrumental sections, and often with cues for individual parts. An example would be reduction to two or a few staves, for scores presented in staff notation. Sometimes called: Reduced score, Short score. Recorded with musical notation.
Score reduced to a single instrument for which the score was written or for the conductor.
Score showing all vocal parts, solo and/or choral, with the instrumental accompaniment either arranged for keyboard(s) or other chordal instrument(s) or omitted. Note: See code h (Chorus score) for scores of works for solo voices and chorus that include only chorus parts.
Graphical, symbolic (e.g., staff), or word-based musical notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble, arranged so that they can be read simultaneously, or a work for solo performer or electronic media. Do not confuse with Part.
Several types of scores are issued together, as is frequently the case with band music.
| 008/20 | m | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 score (23 p.) :$bill. ;$c30 cm. +$a1 piano conductor part (8 p.) | ||||||||
Item is a sound recording.
| 008/20 | n | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a1 sound disc ... | ||||||||
Format of the item is unknown.
None of the other defined codes are appropriate. Usually it signifies that the item is not a score. Choir books, table books, and sets of parts are examples in which code z is appropriate.
| 008/20 | z | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a42 p. of music ... | ||||||||
| 008/20 | z | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$aFor voice ... | ||||||||
| 008/20 | z | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a4 parts ... | ||||||||
One character code that indicates whether the item being cataloged is, or contains parts. This position is not used to indicate that parts may exist elsewhere.
No parts in hand or the musical parts are not specified.
Both instrumental and vocal parts are present.
Instrumental parts are present.
Vocal parts are present.
Item is not notated music.
Unknown whether the item being cataloged contains parts. May be used for records created without examining the item, such as retrospective conversion from a printed card.
One-character alphabetic code that describes the intellectual level of the target audience for which the material is intended
Used primarily to identify music to be used or performed by a specific target audience. When items are considered appropriate for more than one target audience, the code is recorded for the primary target audience. For juvenile material, either code j (Juvenile) or the more specific codes a (Preschool), b (Primary), or c (Pre-adolescent) are used. An item considered juvenile material often includes the word juvenile in its subject heading(s).
Target audience for item is not specified or is unknown.
| 008/22 | # | ||||||||
| 245 | 14$aDas Münchner Kammerorchester spielt Werke ... | ||||||||
| 650 | #0$aString-orchestra music. | ||||||||
Intended for children, approximate ages 0-5 years.
Intended for children, approximate ages 6-8 years.
Intended for young people, approximate ages 9-13.
Intended for young people, approximate ages 14-17.
Intended for adults.
| 008/22 | e | ||||||||
| 245 | 12$aA little night music$h[sound recording]. | ||||||||
Aimed at a particular audience and the nature of the presentation would make the item of little interest to other audiences. Examples of items which are coded f included: 1) technical sound recordings geared to a specialized audience and 2) items which address a limited audience.
Of general interest and not aimed at a particular target audience. Used for items that are not covered more appropriately by one of the other codes.
Intended for use by children and young people, approximate ages 0-15. Used when a more specific code for the juvenile target audience is not desired.
| 008/22 | j | ||||||||
| 650 | #0$aVioloncello and piano music$xJuvenile$vScores and parts. | ||||||||
One-character alphabetic code that specifies the form of material for the item being described.
Not specified by one of the other codes.
| 008/23 | b | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a14 microfiche ;$c10 x 15 cm. | ||||||||
| 008/23 | f | ||||||||
| 250 | 0#$aBraille score ed. | ||||||||
The resource is accessed by means of hardware and software connections to a communications network. If a distinction between types of electronic resources is not necessary, code s can be used as a generic code for any form of electronic resource.
Storage on a directly accessible tangible recording medium, e.g. disc, tape, playaway device, flashdrive, portable hard drive, etc. If a distinction between types of electronic resources is not necessary, code s can be used as a generic code for any form of electronic resource.
Eye-readable print, such as a photocopy.
| 008/23 | r | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aPhotocopy of the original score composed in 1877. | ||||||||
Intended for manipulation by a computer. The item may reside in a carrier accessed either directly or remotely, in some cases requiring the use of peripheral devices attached to the computer (e.g., a CD-ROM player). Not used for items that do not require the use of a computer (e.g., music compact discs, videodiscs). This code can be used as a generic code for any form of electronic resource. Codes o and q may be used if there is a need to separately identify online and direct electronic resources.
Up to six one-character alphabetic codes (recorded in alphabetical order) that indicate the contents of program notes and other accompanying material for sound recording, music manuscripts, or notated music. If fewer than six codes are assigned, the codes are left justified and each unused position contains a blank (#).
Generally, a specific code is used only if a significant part of the accompanying material is the type of material represented by the code. If more than six codes are appropriate to an item, only the six most important are recorded.
No accompanying matter or no indication of accompanying matter appears on the item. When # is used it is followed by five other blanks.
| 008/24-29 | ###### [No accompanying matter indicated] |
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Accompanying matter contains a discography or other bibliography of recorded sound.
Accompanying matter contains a bibliography.
| 008/24-29 | b##### | ||||||||
| 504 | ##$aBibliography: p. 303-304. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains a thematic index.
Accompanying matter contains a printed transcription of the libretto or other text (e.g., a transcript of verbal contents of a sound recording).
| 008/24-29 | dz#### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aWords of the songs and poster inserted in container. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains significant biographical information on a composer or author.
Accompanying matter contains significant biographical information on a performer or a history of an ensemble.
| 008/24-29 | f##### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aProgram notes by John W. Barker and biographical notes on the pianist on container. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains technical and/or historical information on instruments.
| 008/24-29 | fgz### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aProgram notes and notes on the horn by R.D. Dattell and biographical notes on the soloist on container. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains significant technical information, including instructions for performance.
| 008/24-29 | h##### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aIncludes instructions for performance. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains significant historical information.
| 008/24-29 | i##### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aProgram notes by Kurt Hoffman in German, English, and French on container. [principally historical information] | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains significant ethnological information that relates to the musical part of the item.
Accompanying matter contains instructional materials.
| 008/24-29 | r##### | ||||||||
| 300 | ##$a ... +$e1 teacher's guide. | ||||||||
Accompanying matter contains a score or other music format than that of the main item.
Accompanying matter for which none of the other defined codes are appropriate.
| 008/24-29 | dfz### | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aProgram notes by Uwe Kraemer, biographical notes on the performers, notes on the recording process, synopsis, and libretto with English translation ([24] p. ill.) laid in container. | ||||||||
Up to two one-character codes (recorded in the order of the following list) that indicate the type of literary text contained in a nonmusical sound recording. If only one code is assigned, it is left justified and the unused position contains a blank (#).
If more than two codes for types of literary text are appropriate to an item, only the two most important are recorded.
When # is used it is followed by another blank (##).
| 008/30-31 | ## | ||||||||
| 245 | 10$aBolero$h[sound recording] /$cMaurice Ravel. | ||||||||
| 008/30-31 | lc | ||||||||
| 245 | 00$aModern real estate transactions. | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aPanel discussions, lectures, and questions and answers. | ||||||||
Fiction includes novels, short stories, etc.
Reports of newsworthy events and informative messages are included in this category.
History includes historical narration, etc. that may also be covered by one of the other codes (e.g., historical poetry).
| 008/30-31 | ht | ||||||||
| 245 | 00$aInside the Onaway command post$h[sound recording] /$cwith... | ||||||||
| 520 | ##$aSummary: An oral history. | ||||||||
Includes instructions on how to accomplish a task, learn an art, etc. (e.g., how to replace a light switch). Note: Language instruction text is assigned code j.
May include passages that fall under the definition for one of the other codes (e.g., language text that includes poetry).
Spoken comedy.
| 008/30-31 | l# | ||||||||
| 500 | ##$aLectures. | ||||||||
Memoirs are usually autobiographical.
Not a sound recording (e.g., printed or manuscript music).
| 008/30-31 | pf | ||||||||
| 245 | 00$aPoésies et prose françaises ... | ||||||||
Rehearsals are performances of any of a variety of nonmusical productions.
Includes nonmusical utterances and vocalizations that may or may not convey meaning.
None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
Whether all or part of the item being cataloged is a transposition and/or arrangement of another work.
Not arrangements or the transposition of the item is not specified.
Item has been transposed to a different pitch from the original.
Item has been adapted as regards medium and/or texture.
Item has been both transposed to a different pitch from the original and has been adapted as regards medium and/or texture.
Item is not notated music.
Unknown whether the item is a transposition or arrangement.
Undefined; contains a blank (#) or a fill character (|).
Capitalization - Alphabetic codes are input in lowercase.
Field length - Field 008 should always consist of forty (40) character positions.
Prior to the definition of code bd (Ballads) in 1997, ballads were identified with code fm (Folk music).
In 2006, code mu was redefined to signify that either multiple MARC codes or non-MARC codes are contained in field 047 (Form of Composition).
Redefined to remove term villancicos, which was defined in 2009.
Prior to 2010 chorus scores were included in code c (Accompaniment reduced for keyboard) and code d (Voice score).
Defined codes were: # (No parts exist), a (Parts exist), n (Not applicable), u (Unknown).
Prior to the definition of codes a through g in 1995, only code # and j were used in USMARC.
Code # (Not a reproduction) was redefined when the focus of 008/23 was changed. Codes g, h, and i were made obsolete when the coding of 008/23 (Forms of reproduction code) was redefined as information about the medium of the item in hand rather than about bibliographic reproductions. Prior to 1977, other forms of reproduction were identified by code x.
Code n was made obsolete because the codes defined for these character positions apply to both sound recordings and music scores. Code j was made obsolete when code i was redefined to include any historical information.
Defined codes were: # (Not a government publication); a (Autonomous or semi-autonomous components of sovereign federations; c (Multilocal); f (Federal/national); i (International intergovernmental bodies); l (Local jurisdictions); m (Multistate); o (Government publication-level undetermined); s (State, provincial, territorial, dependant, etc. jurisdiction); u (Unknown if item is a government publication); z (Other type of government publication)
Defined codes were: 0 (Main entry not in body of entry), 1 (Main entry in body of entry).