853-855 - Captions and Pattern-General Information
MARC 21 Holdings
October 2006
"Full" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Format for Holdings Data that contains detailed descriptions of every data element, along with examples, input conventions and history sections.
"Concise" documentation refers to the MARC 21 Concise Format for Holdings Data that contains abridged descriptions of every data element, along with examples.
853 - Captions and Pattern - Basic Bibliographic Unit (R)
Full |
Concise
854 - Captions and Pattern - Supplementary Material (R)
Full |
Concise
855 - Captions and Pattern - Indexes (R)
Full |
Concise
First Indicator
Compressibility and expandability [853, 854]
0 - Cannot compress or expand
1 - Can compress but not expand
2 - Can compress or expand
3 - Unknown
Undefined [855]
# - Undefined
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Second Indicator
Caption evaluation [853, 854]
0 - Captions verified; all levels present
1 - Captions verified; all levels may not be present
2 - Captions unverified; all levels present
3 - Captions unverified; all levels may not be present
Undefined [855]
# - Undefined
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Subfield Codes
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Enumeration caption:
$a - First level of enumeration (NR)
$b - Second level of enumeration (NR)
$c - Third level of enumeration (NR)
$d - Fourth level of enumeration (NR)
$e - Fifth level of enumeration (NR)
$f - Sixth level of enumeration (NR)
$g - Alternative numbering scheme, first level of enumeration (NR)
$h - Alternative numbering scheme, second level of enumeration (NR)
Chronology caption:
$i - First level of chronology (NR)
$j - Second level of chronology (NR)
$k - Third level of chronology (NR)
$l - Fourth level of chronology (NR)
$m - Alternative numbering scheme, chronology (NR)
| Publication pattern:
$n - Pattern note (NR)
$p - Number of pieces per issuance (NR)
$u - Bibliographic units per next higher level (R)
$v - Numbering continuity (R)
$w - Frequency (NR)
$x - Calendar change (NR)
$y - Regularity pattern (R)
$z - Numbering scheme (R)
Other captions:
$o - Type of unit (R)
$t - Copy (NR)
Control subfields:
$2 - Source of caption abbreviation (R)
$3 - Materials specified (NR)
$6 - Linkage (NR)
$8 - Field link and sequence number (NR)
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FIELD DEFINITION AND SCOPE
Captions that identify the enumeration and chronology levels and codes that define the
publication pattern of the holdings described in the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology
fields. Any related 853-855 and 863-865 fields are linked by a number in subfield
$8 (Field link and sequence number).
A general description of the four types of holdings data fields and their relationship
to each other is given in the Holdings Data--General Information section.
Guidelines for applying content designators and the input conventions for the 853-855
fields are given in this section.
GUIDELINES FOR APPLYING CONTENT DESIGNATORS
■ INDICATORS
First Indicator - Compressibility and expandability Whether a computer algorithm may be used to convert the content of subfields
$a-$m in one or more linked enumeration and chronology
fields (863-864) from: an
itemized report to one that expresses
the same range of holdings in terms of the enumeration and chronology of only the
first and last part held; or a
compressed first-and-last-part-held
listing of a range of holdings to an explicit itemization of each part
held.
Specific data element requirements for compression and expansion are given in the
Input Conventions area of this
General Information section. A
fuller description of compressibility and expandability is given in the
853-878 Holdings Data-General Information section.
First indicator value does not indicate whether the holdings data in the 863 or
864 field are already expressed in a compressed or expanded form. This condition
is indicated by the value in the second indicator position (Form of holdings) in
the 863 or 864 Enumeration and Chronology field.
0 - Cannot compress or expand Data in the linked 863 or 864 Enumeration and Chronology field can be neither
compressed nor expanded by computer algorithm.
1 - Can compress but not expand Data in the linked 863 or 864 Enumeration and Chronology field can be
compressed but cannot be expanded by computer algorithm.
2 - Can compress or expand Data in the linked 863 or 864 Enumeration and Chronology field can be either
compressed or expanded by computer algorithm.
3 - Unknown Compressibility and expandability by computer algorithm of the data in the
linked 863 or 864 Enumeration and Chronology field is unknown.
First Indicator - Undefined Undefined and contains a blank (#).
Second Indicator - Caption evaluation Completeness of the caption levels and whether the captions used actually appear
on the bibliographic item.
0 - Captions verified; all levels present Captions are for all possible levels and they appear on the item.
1 - Captions verified; all levels may not be present Captions are as they appear on the item but all possible levels may not be
included.
2 - Captions unverified; all levels present Captions are for all possible levels but they are not necessarily the same as
they appear on the item.
3 - Captions unverified; all levels may not be present May not include captions for all possible levels and the ones given are not
necessarily the same as they appear on the item.
Second Indicator - Undefined Undefined and contains a blank (#).
■ SUBFIELD CODES
$a-$h: Enumeration captions: Captions for the
levels of enumeration applicable to a bibliographic item. These caption subfields are
correlated with the enumeration subfields $a-$h in the 863-865
Enumeration and Chronology field linked to the 853-855 field, although the same
subfields need not always be present. Full correlation of caption and enumeration
level subfields $a-$h in linked 853-855/863-865 fields is
not required when captions are not desired for displaying the holdings
statement. Full correlation is required when compression or expansion of the
enumeration in field 863 or 864 by computer algorithm is desired. If there is no
caption on the item for some level, a caption may be invented and enclosed in
brackets ([ ]) or an asterisk used in place of data in order to achieve full
correlation.
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$b[no.] |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1-7$b1-12
[Display example: v.1:[no.]1-v.7:[no.]12] |
When alternative numbering schemes are applicable to an item, subfields $g
and $h contain the alternative Enumeration captions. If captions for more
than two levels of alternative enumeration are required, an 866-868 Textual Holdings
field is used.
When only Chronology captions are used on an item (that is, the item carries no
enumeration), the Chronology captions are contained in the relevant enumeration
caption subfields ($a-$h). If a Chronology caption is not to be
used in a display of the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology field, it is enclosed in
parentheses, for example, (year).
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| 853 |
03$81$a(year) |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1964-1981
[An annual publication identified only by year.] |
When a supplement or index designation is used as a caption (which occurs if its
numbering relates to a particular volume or part of the bibliographic unit, e.g. v.
9, suppl. 1-3) the designation is contained in the relevant Enumeration caption
subfield ($a-$f).
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| 854 |
00$81$av.$bsuppl.$i(year)$j(month)$k(day) |
| 864 |
41$81.1$a16$b1$i1977$j06$k01
[Display example: v.16:suppl.1 (1977: June 1)] |
When the enumeration consists of the number of units held followed by a term
describing the units, the entire phrase is contained in the appropriate 863-865
field, and the 853-855 field contains the term unit (in parentheses if display is not
desired).
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| 853 |
03$81$a(unit) |
| 863 |
#1$81.1$a50 playing cards |
$a - First level of enumeration Caption for the highest level of enumeration. The designation for an unnumbered
(e.g., new ser.) or a numbered (e.g., ser. 5) series is considered part of the
caption.
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| 853 |
01$81$av. |
| 853 |
01$82$anew ser.:v. |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1-25 |
| 863 |
40$82.1$a1-12
[Holdings consist of v.1-25 and new series v.1-12.] |
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| 853 |
01$81$aser.5:v.$i(year) |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a24-33$i1969-1978
[Holdings consist of series 5, v.24-33, 1969-1978.] |
$b - Second level of enumeration
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$bno. |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a3$b1 |
$c - Third level of enumeration
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| 853 |
02$81$av.$bpt.$cno. |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a2$b2$c1-3 |
$d - Fourth level of enumeration
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| 853 |
20$8ed.$bno.$u3$vr$csect.$u4$vr$dpt.$u2$vr$zbcLatn$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$ws$ypd01,15 |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a2$b1$c1$dA$i2000$j01$k1 |
$e - Fifth level of enumeration Subfield $e is unlikely to be used.
$f - Sixth level of enumeration Subfield $f is unlikely to be used.
$g - Alternative numbering scheme, first level of enumeration Caption for the highest level of an alternative numbering scheme.
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| 853 |
23$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$gno.$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01 |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1-3$g1-36$i1977-1979 |
| 863 |
40$81.2$a4$b1-2$g37-38$i1980$j01-02
[Holdings consist of v.1, no. 1-12 (no. 1-12) 1977; v.2, no. 1-12 (no.
13-24) 1978; v. 3, no. 1-12 (no. 25-36) 1979; and v. 4 no. 1-2 (no. 37-38)
Jan.-Feb., 1980.] |
$h - Alternative numbering scheme, second level of enumeration
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| 853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$g(letter)$hBd.$u6$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01 |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a7$b1-3$gB$h21-23$i1981$j01-03
[Display example: v.7:no.1-3=B:Bd.21-23(1981:Jan.-März)] |
$i-$m: Chronology captions: Captions for the
levels of chronology applicable to a bibliographic item. These caption subfields are
correlated with the chronology subfields $i-$m in the 863-865
Enumeration and Chronology field linked to the 853-855 field, although the same
subfields need not always be present. Full correlation of caption and chronology
level subfields $i-$m in the 853-855/863-865 fields is not
required when captions are not desired for displaying the holdings statement.
Full correlation is required when compression or expansion of the chronology
in field 863 or 864 by computer algorithm is desired. Because bibliographic items
generally do not carry Chronology captions, a caption may be invented and enclosed in
brackets ([ ]) in order to achieve full correlation.
When an alternative chronology scheme is applicable to an item, subfield
$m contains the alternative Chronology caption. If captions for more than
one level of alternative chronology are required, an 866-868 Textual Holdings field
is used.
When only Chronology captions are used on an item (that is, the item carries no
enumeration), the Chronology captions are carried in the relevant enumeration caption
subfields ($a-$h) and no captions are recorded in subfields
$i-$m. If a Chronology caption is not to be used in a display
of the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology field, it is enclosed in parentheses, e.g.,
(year).
$i - First level of chronology Caption for the highest level of chronology.
$j - Second level of chronology
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$bno.$gno.$i(year)$j(season) |
$k - Third level of chronology
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| 853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$wm$x01 |
$l - Fourth level of chronology
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| 853 |
00$81$av.$bsect.$u12$vr$cno.$u7$vr$dpt.$uvar$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$lweek$wd$x01 |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1$b4$c4-7$d15$i1988$j04$k13-16$l15 |
$m - Alternative numbering scheme, chronology
$n - Pattern note Explanatory note citing the specific year and issue used to prepare the regularity
pattern coding expressed in the field.
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| 853 |
02$81$av.$bno.$u365$vc$i(year)$j(month)$kday)$wd$x0101$ycd1224/1225$yce2358/359$nBased on v. 11, no. 2172/2173, December 24/December 25,
2001
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$o - Type of unit Caption that describes the type of unit (e.g., annual buyer’s guide, subject
index) in the enumeration hierarchy when it has no associated sequence numbering.
When used, subfield $o immediately follows the caption to which it
refers.
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| 855 |
##$81$a(year)$oalphabetical index |
| 865 |
4#$81.1$a1969/1978 |
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| 853 |
##$aParts$i(year)$j(month)$k(day) $o12, Banks and banking |
| 863 |
##$a1-100$i2004$jJan.$k01 |
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| 854 |
00$81$av. |
| 864 |
41$81.1$a31$oSupplement
[Display example: "Supplement" v. 31] |
$p - Number of pieces per issuance Numeric value that represents the number of physical parts or pieces received per
issuance. This technique allows for describing the behavior of items issued in
parts. Subfield $p is only coded in cases where the number of parts or
pieces is different from the publishing frequency expressed in subfield
$w. All codable frequency information should be placed in subfield
$w.
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| 853 |
20$81$a[Ed.]$bv.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$p6$wf$x01 |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a156$b1-6$i2001$j01 |
| 863 |
40$81.2$a156$b8-11$i2001$j07
[This is a semiannual publication issued twice per year in January and July,
with six issues published at each time. It restarts its volume numbering
(second level enumeration) with every edition. The first level enumeration
changes once per year at the turn of the calendar year.] |
$t - Copy Caption for the copy number when the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology field
linked to the 853-855 field contains a subfield $t (Copy number).
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| 853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u4$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wq$x12$tc. |
| 863 |
40$81.1$a1-4$b1-3$t3 |
$u - Bibliographic units per next higher level Number (or the code var or und) that specifies the total number
of parts that comprise the next higher level of enumeration. May be used with each
level of enumeration except the first level (subfield $a or
$g) because there is no higher level. When it is used, subfield
$u follows the caption subfield for the enumeration level to which it
applies. Not used with subfield $a or $g.
<n> - Number of parts Total number of parts that constitute the next higher level of enumeration for
example, a quarterly publication requires 4 issues to make 1 volume. Because
subfield $u is variable in length, no leading zero is used for a
single-character number.
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$cpt.$u3$wj
[The bibliographic unit consists of 12 numbers per volume and 3 parts per
number.] |
Combined issues are counted as one part.
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| 853 |
10$81$av.$bno.$u8$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01$ypm01/02,03,04,05,
06/07,08/09,10,11/12
[Example of monthly serial with four combined issues] |
var - Varies The total number of parts that constitute the next higher level of enumeration
varies so much that a specific number in subfield $u would be
meaningless.
und - Undetermined The next higher level of enumeration is known to have parts but the number of
parts is unknown.
$v - Numbering continuity One-character code that indicates whether the numbering of the described level
consists of continuously incrementing numbers or numbers that restart at the
completion of the unit.
May be used with each level of enumeration except the first level (subfield
$a or $g). Subfield $v follows the caption
subfield and the subfield $u (Bibliographic units at next higher level)
for the enumeration to which it applies.
c - Number increments continuously
r - Number restarts at the completion of the unit
$w - Frequency One-character alphabetic code or a number that indicates the publication frequency
of the item. Subfield $w is not related to a specific caption. It is
input following the last Chronology caption used. Specific publishing pattern
information is contained in subfield $y (Regularity), including
exceptions to the frequency coded in this subfield. Subfield $p is also
used when both a frequency code and number of pieces per issuance need to be
recorded for multipart titles.
Used for a publishing pattern that has a fundamental periodicity.
| a - Annual |
j - Three times a month |
| b - Bimonthly |
k - Continuously updated |
| c - Semiweekly |
m - Monthly |
| d - Daily |
q - Quarterly |
| e - Biweekly |
s - Semimonthly |
| f - Semiannual |
t - Three times a year |
| g - Biennial |
w - Weekly |
| h - Triennial |
x - Completely irregular |
| i - Three times a week |
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| 854 |
00$81$a(year)$wa |
| 853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x11 |
Used to specify the number of issues per year when no codable periodicity exists.
Because subfield $w is variable in length, no leading zero is used for
a single-character number.
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| 853 |
02$81$a(year)$b(month)$w4$ypm03,06,08,12 |
| 863 |
30$81.1$a2002-2003 |
| 863 |
41$81.2$a2004$b03
[The bibliographic unit is published four times a year at irregular
intervals.] |
$x - Calendar change One or more two- or four-character numeric codes that indicate the chronological
point at which the highest level increments or changes.
Two-character code identifies the month or season of change. A four-character code
in the pattern mmdd (2 for the month and 2 for the day) identifies the
month and day of change. A month or day code of less than two digits is right
justified and the unused position contains a zero.
| Month |
Day |
Season |
| 01-12 - Month |
01-31 - Day |
21 - Spring |
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22 - Summer |
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23 - Autumn |
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24 - Winter |
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| 853 |
23$81$av.$bno.$u4$vr$i(year)$j(season)$wq$x21
[A quarterly publication for which issue no. 1 of each volume is identified
as Spring.] |
| 853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u12$vc$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x07
[A monthly publication consisting of 12 numbers per volume; the volume
number increments in July.] |
When there is more than one change in a year (for example, 12 numbers per year are
issued as 2 volumes per year), all of the calendar change codes are contained in
one subfield $x and the codes are separated by a comma. Subfield
$x is not related to a specific caption. It is input following the last
subfield.
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| 853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u6$vc$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x06,12
[A monthly publication which has 6 numbers per volume. The numbers increment
continuously, and new volumes begin in June and December.] |
$y - Regularity pattern Codes that describe the regularity of the publishing pattern coded in subfield
$w (Frequency). The subfield may be structured as either a chronology
type or enumeration type. Both types begin with a publication code.
Publication Code
First one-character code in both the chronology type and enumeration type
indicates whether the subsequent codes refer to the publication or the
nonpublication of part(s) of the item or the combination of either enumeration or
chronology elements.
| c - Combined |
| o - Omitted |
| p - Published |
Chronology Type
Chronology type of regularity pattern is structured as:
<Publication Code><Chronology Code
Definition><Chronology Code>,<Chronology
Code>,..
May contain one or more chronology codes that are associated with the publication
code and chronology code definition that are in the first and second character
position of the subfield. The subfield may be repeated to allow for coding more
than one publication code/chronology code definition/chronology code string to
indicate regular exceptions to a specified regularity pattern (i.e. normalized
irregulars).
Chronology Code Definition - Second one-character code in the
subfield indicates whether the subsequent Chronology Code(s) represent the name of
a day, a numeric month or month and day code, a code for a season of the year, or
a code for a week of the month or year. If the subfield describes regularity in
terms of enumeration, this code is “e.”
| d - Day |
| m - Month |
| s - Season |
| w - Week |
| y - Year |
Chronology Code - Designation of the part of the item for which
regularity pattern information is provided. Multiple codes are separated by a
comma. A slash (/) is used to designate combined issues.
Two-character alphabetic or numeric codes are used for days, weeks, months, and/or
seasons. A four character code is used to indicate a year or year combination. A
code of less than two digits is right justified and the unused position contains a
zero.
Chronology Type and Code Patterns:
| Chronology Type Code |
Possible Code Pattern |
Example |
Example Meaning |
| d |
dd |
su |
Sunday |
| d |
DD |
08 |
Eighth day of each month |
| m |
MM |
09 |
September |
| d |
MMDD |
0925 |
September 25 |
| s |
SS |
22 |
Summer |
| w |
WWdd |
03we |
Third Wednesday |
| w |
MMWWdd |
0599tu |
Last Tuesday in May |
| w |
MMWWdd |
0802we |
Second Wednesday in August |
| w |
MMWW |
1204 |
Fourth wqeek in December |
| y |
YYYY |
yyy1/yyy2 |
Span over 2 years |
Pattern Description:
| Pattern |
Meaning |
Characteristics |
Possible Values - Summary |
| dd |
day |
alpha |
mo-su |
| DD |
day |
numeric |
01-31 |
| ww |
week |
numeric |
01-53 |
| WW |
week |
numeric |
99, 98, 97, 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 |
| MM |
month |
numeric |
01-12 |
| SS |
season |
numeric |
21, 22, 23, 24 |
| y |
year |
numeric |
2002 |
Pattern Values:
| Day of week- dd |
Week- ww |
Month- MM |
Week of Month- WW |
| mo - Monday |
01-53 |
01-12 |
99 - Last |
| tu - Tuesday |
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98 - Next to Last |
| we - Wednesday |
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97 - Third to Last |
| th - Thursday |
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00 - Every |
| fr - Friday |
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01 - First |
| sa - Saturday |
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02 - Second |
| su - Sunday |
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03 - Third |
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04 - Fourth |
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05 - Fifth |
| Day of Month- DD |
Season- SS |
| 01-31 |
21 - Spring |
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22 - Summer |
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23 - Autumn |
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24 - Winter |
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| 854 |
03$81$a(year)$b(month)$c(day)$wd$yodsa
[Item is published daily except Saturday.] |
| 854 |
02$81$av.$bno.$u11$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01$ycm07/08
[Item is a monthly, with the first number appearing in January and a
combined July/August issue.] |
| 854 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u10$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x09$yom07,08
[Item has ten numbers per volume; ten numbers per year beginning with no.
1 in September; no numbers published in July or August.] |
| 854 |
23$81$av.$bno.$u3$vr$i(year)$j(season)$w3$x21$yps21,22, 23
[Item has three numbers per volume; three numbers per year, published in
Spring, Summer, and Autumn.] |
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u43$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$w43$x0901$yow0604we,0702we,0703we,0704we,0802we,0803we,0804we,
0805we,1203we,1204we,1205we$ypdwe
[Item has weekly issues except on dates noted in subfield
$y] |
| 863 |
30$81.1$a21-22$i2001-2003 |
| 863 |
41$81.2$a23$b1$i2003$j09$k03 |
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| 853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u48$vr$ww$x0101$yow05we
[Item is a weekly, but omits the fifth Wednesday of the month.] |
| 853 |
03$av.$bno.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01$ypw02we$ypw0402th,0501we$yow0402we,0502we
[Item is monthly, published every second Wednesday of the month except in
April when it is published on the second Thursday and May, when it is
published on the first Wednesday.] |
| 853 |
02$av.$bno.$uvar$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$wc$x07$ypw00mo,00th$yod0101,0704,1225$yow0901mo,1104th
[Item is published every Monday and Thursday except for when New Years
Day, the fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas fall on a
Monday or Thursday.] |
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| 853 |
02$av.$i(year)$wg$ypyyyy1/yyy2 |
| 863 |
41$a10$i1999/2000
[Item is published every other year combining chronology to reflect the
span of coverage.] |
Enumeration Type
The enumeration type is structured as:
<Publication Code><Enumeration Code
Definition><Enumeration Code>,<Enumeration
Code>,...
Enumeration codes may occupy the second and third positions after subfield
$y to provide for regularity patterns for items that use only
enumeration for sequencing and/or those items whose sequencing must be specified
separately when combinations occur.
Enumeration Code Definition - Second code in the subfield
indicates whether the subsequent codes represent enumeration rather than
chronology. When code "e" is used, an additional numeric code is added to indicate
the level of enumeration to which the regularity applies.
| e1- Enumeration, lst level
|
| e2- Enumeration, 2nd level
|
Enumeration Code - Enumeration code following the enumeration
code definition indicates the designation of the issues of the item for which
regularity pattern information is provided. Multiple designations are separated by
a comma. A slash (/) is used to designate a combined issue.
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| 853 |
02$81$av.$bno.$u6$vr$ws$x01,02,03,04,05,06,07,08,09,10,11,12 $ypw02we,04we$yce21/3,4/6
[Item is published twenty-four times per year on the second and fourth
Wednesdays of every month. The second level of enumeration combines numbers 1
to 3 on the second Wednesday of every month and numbers 4 to 6 on the fourth
Wednesday of every month.] |
Presence of continuous numbering (subfield $v, code c) in conjunction
with an enumeration code signals the combination of specific numbers in the
sequence of specific issues. Because of the continuous numbering, the actual
enumeration values cannot be used to express the enumeration in subfield
$y. Enumerative values must be represented in terms of the number of
issues expected to be published to allow combined issue prediction to occur.
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| 853 |
02$81$av.$bno.$u52$vc$ww$yce251/52
[Item is published weekly except for a combination in the last two weeks of
December. Since issue description is limited to enumeration only, and the
second level enumeration is also continuous, the pattern represents the issue
combination in terms of combining the fifty-first and fifty-second issues
published that year] |
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| 853 |
20$81.0$a(year)$b(month)$c(day)$ww$ycw1203/1204
[Item is published weekly except that it combines the third and fourth weeks
in December.] |
Automated systems may construct algorithms to predict the second level of
continuous enumeration based on the starting value of the second level of
enumeration at the beginning of the subscription cycle.
There may be multiple ways to express the same pattern using the defined
publication, chronology and enumeration codes. For instance, the pattern may be
expressed enumerating all published issues, or enumerating the omitted issues. The
institution should strive for the most succinct method possible that accurately
records the pattern.
Regularity pattern codes, along with additional examples are maintained at the
Library of Congress and are available online at:
www.loc.gov/marc/chrono_patterns.html. Questions on coding patterns or
establishing new ones should be addressed to the Network Development and MARC
Standards Office, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540-4402 (Email:
ndmso@loc.gov).
$z - Numbering scheme Six character code string used to designate the numbering scheme used on a
publication. The codes allow for recording different numbering schemes at
different levels of enumeration. Subfield $z follows the enumeration
subfield ($a-$h) to which it applies.
Type of designation - First one-character code indicates whether
the numbering is a number, letter or combined (number first or letter first).
Combined should only be used when one of the elements is a constant designation
(e.g., 1a, 2a, 3a), rather than actually two different levels of enumeration
(e.g., 1a, 1b, 1c).
| a - Number |
| b - Letter |
| c - Combined, number first |
| d - Combined, letter first |
| e - Symbol or character |
Case - Second one-character code indicates if a numbering scheme
is conveyed as alphas and applies both to those coded in the previous position as
“b” or to Roman numerals.
| a - No case |
| b - Lower case |
| c - Upper case |
| d - Mixed case |
Script Code/Type Code - Third through sixth positions indicate
either the script used in the numbering scheme or, for numerals or symbols that
are not in alternate scripts, the type of numeral or symbol used. The script code
is a four-character code from the list at: www.unicode.org/iso15924/. The type
code is as follows (# means "blank"):
| an## - Arabic numeral |
| rn## - Roman numeral |
| sy<symbol># - Symbol |
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| 853 |
20$81$av.$bissue$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$ww$zaaarab |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a37$b1232$i1970$j12$k31
[The numbering scheme used is an Arabic alternate script] |
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| 853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u26$vr$ww$x0101$yow05we$zaaan## |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a18$b7
[The numbering scheme used is Arabic numeral] |
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| 853 |
20$81$aannee$b(*)$u12$vr$cpt.$u2 $vr$zbcLatn$i(year)$ws$x01 |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a8$b3$cB
[Asterisk used as a convention for noncaptioned level. Numbering scheme of
3rd level is uppercase alphabetic latin script letter.] |
$2 - Source of caption abbreviation
$3 - Materials specified The range of volumes or dates to which the field applies.
$8 - Field link and sequence number
INPUT CONVENTIONS
Compression and expansion requirements - Following conditions must be present in a holdings statement for machine compression or
expansion (itemization) to be possible:
Leader/17 Encoding levelCompression only can be applied to Holdings level 4 detailed holdings
statements (Leader/17, code 4) and Holdings level 4 detailed holdings statements with
piece designation (Leader/17, code 5).
Expansion can be applied to both types of detailed holdings statements
(Leader/17, code 4 or 5) and to Holdings level 3 summary holdings statements (Leader/17,
code 3).
Correlation of the 853/854 caption and the 863/864 enumeration level subfieldsCompression and
expansion require that the caption
subfields ($a-$m) for each of the applicable levels of enumeration
and chronology subfields ($a-$m) must be present in the 853/854
Captions and Pattern field that is linked to the 863/864 Enumeration and Chronology
field.
Publication pattern subfields $u-$yNo publication pattern subfields in field 853 or 854 are required for either compression
or expansion when the enumeration and chronology in field 863 or 864 consist only of the
highest level of enumeration (subfields $a, $g, $i,
$m). When subsequent levels are present, the compression or expansion
capability requires pertinent publication pattern information in the following
subfields:
| $u |
Bibliographic units per next higher level |
| $v |
Numbering continuity |
| $w |
Frequency |
| $x |
Calendar change |
| $y |
Regularity pattern |
Compression of the contents of subfields $a-$m in
field 863 or 864 requires information in subfields $u and $v.
Subfield $u may not contain the code var (varies) or und
(undetermined).
Expansion of the contents of subfield $a-$m in
field 863 or 864 requires information in subfields $u, $v, and
$w and may also require information in subfields $x and
$y.
Punctuation - Period following an abbreviation used as a caption is carried in the MARC record.
Ordinal Numbers - To indicate that ordinal numbers should be displayed, a plus sign (+) may be used
preceding the caption. If no caption is entered, a plus sign may be recorded alone to
indicate display of the corresponding 863 subfield as an ordinal number.
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| 853 |
03$8(year)$b+qtr. |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a1982$b1
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Display example:
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1982:1st qtr.
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| 853 |
03$81$a+ |
| 863 |
41$81.1$a1
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Display example:
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1st
|
Note that there is no requirement that this technique of distinguishing between ordinal
and cardinal numbers be used, nor is there any requirement that any differentiation need
be made. A system would require internal language tables to display the correct ordinal
numbers. There is no provision in the holdings format for communicating these
tables.
Caption displays - If there is no caption on the item for some level, a caption may be invented and
enclosed in brackets ([ ]) or an asterisk used in place of data in order to achieve full
correlation. Parentheses are used around a caption to suppress display.
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| 853 |
03$81$av.$b[no.]
[Caption is invented and is not on the piece] |
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| 853 |
20$81$av.$i(year) |
| 863 |
30$81.1$a1-10$i1988-1998 |
Abbreviations - Abbreviations used in subfields $a-$h are recorded according to
the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (Appendix B: Abbreviations).
Field Repeatability - Single 853-855 Captions and Pattern field may apply to more than one 863-865 Enumeration
and Chronology field if the contents of the subfields remain constant. The
853-855 fields are repeated when the contents of the subfields varies. For items that
have continually varying captions and pattern, an organization may choose to use the
Textual Holdings (866-868) fields.
CONTENT DESIGNATOR HISTORY
$n - Pattern note [NEW, 2002]
$o - Type of unit [in field 853] [NEW, 2006]
$p - Number of pieces per issuance [NEW, 2002]
$w - Frequency
k - Continuously updated [NEW, 2001]
$y - Regularity pattern
c - Combined [NEW, 2002]
e - Enumeration [NEW, 2002]
y - Year [NEW, 2002]
$z - Numbering scheme [NEW, 2000]
$2 - Source of caption abbreviation [NEW, 2006]