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DATE: May 27, 2016
REVISED:
NAME: Defining Subfield $3 in Field 382 of the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format
SOURCE: Music Library Association (MLA)
SUMMARY: This paper proposes the need for subfield $3 (Materials specified) in Field 382 (Medium of Performance) of the MARC 21 Bibliographic Format.
KEYWORDS: Medium of Performance (BD); Field 382 (BD); Subfield $3, in field 382 (BD); Materials specified (BD)
STATUS/COMMENTS:
05/27/16 – Made available to the MARC community for discussion.
06/25/16 – Results of MARC Advisory Committee discussion: Approved as submitted.
08/10/16 - Results of MARC Steering Group review - Agreed with the MAC decision.
This proposal develops ideas put forward in Discussion Paper 2016-DP01, in which it was argued that subfield $3 (Materials specified) would find use in Field 382 (Medium of Performance) in the Bibliographic format. This subfield is valid in many other fields of the Bibliographic format, and the changes suggested below would bring Field 382 in closer alignment with other fields in the format. Discussion Paper 2016-DP01 also argued for validating subfield $5 in Field 382. The need for that functionality is being reevaluated, and may return at a future date as part of an examination of its potential applicability across several other fields.
Discussion Paper 2016-DP01 explored several issues of clarity and usability relating to Field 382, particularly when it is used to describe compilations of works in which medium of performance varies. The paper discussed current developments to move medium of performance elements out of complex subject strings and into Field 382, and described reasons why it would be desirable to associate medium of performance elements in the field with other parts of the description. Two MARC subfields, subfield 3 and control subfield 8, could be used to provide different kinds of associations between elements of the bibliographic description, from formal linking of fields to less formal strategies that could provide an eye-readable label that would point out from a field to another part of the description.
Control Subfield $8 (Field link and sequence number) is already defined for Field 382, and provides a formal way to link two or more fields within the description. However, there would be many situations where it could not be used to associate a medium of performance with a work or portion of a work to which it pertains. For instance, it would not be appropriate to use the subfield to link a single medium of performance to a contents note describing disparate works scored for a variety of mediums. This scenario is likely to be encountered when cataloging folk or popular music, a scenario in which formal access points are not typically created, even though there could be benefit in associating medium of performance with parts of a compilation. Another example of a situation when subfield $8 would not be appropriate is when an item lacks a collective title and a title statement consists of a chain of several works for different mediums of performance. Here, it would not be appropriate to use control subfield $8 to link Field 382 to the title statement.
Subfield $3 (Materials specified) is not currently available for use in Field 382, however, it could allow catalogers to associate medium of performance with other parts of the description not possible with subfield $8. For instance it could be used to provide a label such as “Sonata no. 2” to associate a medium of performance with a component titled “Sonata no. 2” embedded in a contents note or title statement. By using $3 in this way, it could serve as a pointer to logical divisions within a work, and be a solution to the two use cases describe in the preceding paragraph in which the control subfield $8 would not be appropriate to use. Labels based on a work’s attributes, such as title, thematic index number or opus number could result in strings that would make more sense to a user than strings such as “3rd-4th works.” However there will likely be complex situations where using less descriptive labels would be more practical and possibly clearer, an issue community best practices could address. Another potential use of subfield $3 in Field 382 would take the field’s “materials specified” label literally, and permit a cataloger to point to a physical division of a multi-part resource to which a medium of performance applies. Thus, for example, a phrase in subfield $3 like “Second disc” could associate a medium of performance with just the second disc of a resource.
Much of the cataloging world has had limited access to control subfield $8. In addition, the subfield can be perceived as being difficult to formulate and apply. As a consequence some catalogers have developed methods to associate MARC fields by using identical text in the subfield $3 of multiple fields. Such a usage may not have the same certainty of interlinking MARC fields, but it does result in text strings that potentially could be deployed as human-readable labels. In fact, one could conceive of using both control subfield 8 and subfield 3 in tandem, the former to provide structural linkages, the latter to provide an eye-readable label.
For its many immediate and potential applications, we recommend validating subfield $3 in MARC Field 382.
Example 1: $3 used to specify the parts of a compilation to which a given instance of Field 382 applies
245 10 $a F-fragments / $c Keiko Harada.
382 01 $3 F. fragments (1st work) $a accordion $n 1 $a piano $n 1 $s 2 $2 lcmpt
382 01 $3 Book I for accordion $a accordion $n 1 $s 1 $2 lcmpt
382 01 $3 Nach Bach $a piano $n 1 $2 lcmpt
505 0# $a F-fragments : for accordion and piano -- Book I : for accordion -- Nach Bach : for piano solo. XV ; VI ; IX ; X ; XVIII ; XXI ; XII.
700 12 $i Container of (work): $a Harada, Keiko, $d 1968- $t F. fragments.
700 12 $i Container of (work): $a Harada, Keiko, $d 1968- $t Book, $n no. 1.
700 12 $i Container of (work): $a Harada, Keiko, $d 1968- $t Nach Bach. $k Selections.[A recording of three pieces, all with different instrumentation]
Example 2: $3 used as a label in conjunction with $8 to link Field 382 to specific work records
245 10 $a Horn concertos ; Horn quintet / $c Mozart.
382 01 $8 1\c $8 2\c $8 3\c $8 4\c $3 Concertos $b horn $n 1 $e orchestra $r 1 $t 1 $2 lcmpt
382 01 $8 5\c $3 Quintet $a horn $n 1 $a violin $n 1 $a viola $n 2 $a cello $n 1 $s 5 $2 lcmpt
505 0# $a Horn concerto no 2 in E flat major, K417 (14:59) -- Horn concerto no 4 in E flat major K495 (16:38) -- Horn concerto no 3 in E flat major, K447 (15:18) -- Horn concerto no 1 in D major, K412 (K386b) (19:00) -- Horn quintet in E flat major, K407 (K386c) (16:51).
700 12 $8 4\c $i Container of (work): $a Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, $d 1756-1791. $t Concertos, $m horn, orchestra, $n K. 412, $r D major.
700 12 $8 1\c $i Container of (work): $a Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, $d 1756-1791. $t Concertos, $m horn, orchestra, $n K. 417, $r E♭ major.
700 12 $8 3\c $i Container of (work): $a Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, $d 1756-1791. $t Concertos, $m horn, orchestra, $n K. 447, $r E♭ major.
700 12 $8 2\c $i Container of (work): $a Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, $d 1756-1791. $t Concertos, $m horn, orchestra, $n K. 495, $r E♭ major.
700 12 $8 5\c $i Container of (work): $a Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, $d 1756-1791. $t Quintets, $m horn, violin, violas (2), cello, $n K. 407, $r E♭ major.[A recording of the four Mozart concertos for horn and orchestra and the horn quintet, in which the cataloger has opted to add authorized access points for the concertos in order of Köchel number rather than the order of recorded tracks indicated in Field 505]
Example 3: $3 used to specify selections within a contents note that are not given as access points
245 00 $a Shika na toone : $b traditional shakuhachi tunes.
382 01 $3 Shika na toone (1st work) $a shakuhachi $n 2 $s 2 $2 lcmpt
382 01 $3 remaining works $a shakuhachi $n 1 $s 1 $2 lcmpt
500 ## $a Music for solo shakuhachi (2nd-8th works) or 2 shakuhachis (1st work).
505 00 $t Shika no toone -- $t Sanya -- $t Yamagoe -- $t Hifumi hachigaeshi -- $t Sagariha -- $t Shōganken reibo -- $t Tsuru no sugomori -- $t San-an -- $t Honshirabe.
Medium of Performance is a complex area and holds great potential for specialized retrieval if well coded. Working this out in the MARC environment will provide smoother transition to the vocabulary for Music in BIBFRAME.
In Field 382 of the MARC 21 Bibliographic (but not Authority) Format, define:
$3 - Materials specified (NR)
Part of the described material to which the field applies.
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