MARC 21 Concise Authority: Heading Fields (1XX)

This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the 2000 electronic edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats. Please see www.loc.gov/marc/concise/ for the most up-to-date version of the electronic MARC 21 Concise Formats.

Fields 100-185 contain names, uniform titles, and terms used in headings or subdivisions to headings. They are usually constructed according to generally accepted cataloging and thesaurus-building rules. In a MARC authority record, a heading is the content of a 1XX, 4XX, or 5XX field that documents the form of name, title, or term used for indexing and retrieval or organizational purposes in a file. The content designation of the subelements of each type of heading is consistent across the 1XX heading and 4XX/5XX tracing fields.

Information for Translators and Other Users
Items highlighted in red indicate changes made after the 1998 edition of the USMARC Concise Formats was published (This publication included the 1993 base text, along with Updates No. 1 (July 1995) and No. 2 (March 1997) of the USMARC Format for Authority Data).

HEADINGS--GENERAL INFORMATION

Two types of headings are defined in the authorities format:

Established heading: The authoritative form of a heading that is used as a main entry (1XX), added entry (700-730), or series added entry (440 or 800-830), or as the lead element in a subject access (600-651, 654-657) field in bibliographic records. In authority records, established headings are used in fields 100-155 (headings) and fields 500-555 (tracings) for established heading (008/09, Kind of record, code a or f) and subdivision (008/09, Kind of record, code d) records.

Unestablished heading: A heading that is not authorized for use in other MARC records as the lead element of a main, added, series, or subject access field. The unestablished heading may be a variant to the established form, a heading used only for authority file organizational purposes, or an incomplete piece of an established heading. This heading is not used in bibliographic records. In established heading records an unestablished heading may be used in a 4XX (tracing) field. In reference, subdivision, reference and subdivision, and node label records, the 1XX (heading) field contains an unestablished heading.
Headings may be names, name/title combinations, uniform titles, topical terms, genre/form terms, subdivisions, extended subject headings or node labels.

Name heading: A heading that is a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction (including geographic) name.

Name/title heading: A heading consisting of both a name and a title portion. The name portion may be a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction name. The title portion may be a uniform or conventional title, a title page title of a work, or a series title.

Uniform title heading: A heading consisting of a uniform or conventional title, a title page title, or a series title that is not entered under a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction name in a name/title heading construction.

Topical term heading: A heading consisting of a topical subject term.

Genre/form term heading: A heading consisting of a genre/form subject term.

Subdivision heading: A heading consisting of a general (topical or language), form, geographic, or chronological subject subdivision term. An extended subdivision heading contains more than one subject subdivision term (subfields $v, $x, $y, and $z).

Extended subject heading: A name, name/title, uniform title, topical term or genre/form term heading that includes one or more general, form, geographic, or chronological subject subdivision terms (subfield $v, $x, $y, or $z).

Node label heading: A heading consisting of a term used in the systematic section of a thesaurus to indicate the logical basis on which a category is divided. The dash (--) that precedes a subject subdivision is not carried in the MARC record; it may be generated based on the presence of subfields $v, $x, $y, or $z.

Heading Usage in Authority Records

Only the 1XX field in established heading records may be used as access points in bibliographic records. Name, name/title, and uniform title headings may be used as main or added entries (008/14, code a); name, name/title, uniform title, topical term, genre/form, and extended subject headings may be used as subject added entries (008/15, code a), and name/title and uniform title headings may be used as series added entries (008/16, code a). Subdivision headings may be used only in extended subject heading added entries.

Heading Usage in Authority Structures

A heading may be categorized as being suitable for either a name or a subject authority structure. Headings that are formulated using descriptive cataloging conventions (008/10) are suitable for a name authority structure. These headings encompass name, name/title, and uniform title headings in established heading and established heading and subdivision records and unestablished forms of these types of headings in reference records. Certain note and tracing and reference fields are used only in records for headings suitable for name authority structures.

Headings that are formulated using subject heading system /thesaurus building conventions (008/11) are suitable for a subject authority structure. These headings encompass names, name/title combinations, uniform titles, topical terms, and genre/form headings (and extended subject headings using these types of headings) in established heading and established heading and subdivision records. Unestablished forms of these types of headings are used in reference and, reference and subdivision records. Unestablished headings are also used in subdivision and node label records. Certain note and tracing and reference fields in the format are used only in records for headings suitable for subject authority structures.

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100 - HEADING--PERSONAL NAME (NR)

An established personal name used in name, name/title, or extended subject heading established heading records or an unestablished personal name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

First - Type of personal name entry element
A value that indicates the form of the entry element of the heading.
- 0 - Forename
  The name is a forename or is a name consisting of words, initials, letters, etc., that are formatted in direct order.
- 1 - Surname
  The name is a surname formatted in inverted order or a name without forenames that is known to be a surname.
- 3 - Family name
  The name represents a family, clan, dynasty, house, or other such group and may be formatted in direct or inverted order.
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Personal name (NR)
A surname and/or forename; letters, initials, abbreviations, phrases, or numbers used in place of a name; or a family name.
$b - Numeration (NR)
A roman numeral or a roman numeral and a subsequent part of a forename when the first indicator value is 0.
$c - Titles and other words associated with a name (R)
$d - Dates associated with a name (NR)
Dates of birth, death, or flourishing, or any other date associated with a name.
$e - Relator term (R)
A term that describes the relationship between a name and a work.
$f - Date of a work (NR)
A date of publication used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
A data element not more appropriately contained in another defined subfield.
$h - Medium (NR)
A media qualifier used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$j - Attribution qualifier (R)
Attribution information for names when the responsibility is unknown or uncertain.
$k - Form subheading (R)
$l - Language of a work (NR)
The name of a language(s) used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$m - Medium of performance for music (R)
$n - Number of part/section of a work (R)
A number designation for a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
The abbreviation arr. used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title heading.
$p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
A name designation of a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$q - Fuller form of name (NR)
A more complete form of the name contained in subfield $a.
$r - Key for music (NR)
The statement of key used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title heading.
$s - Version (NR)
Version, edition, etc., information used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$t - Title of a work (NR)
A uniform title, a title page title of a work, or a series title used in a name/title heading.
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

100	1#$aOlearius, Adam, $d1603-1671.
100	1#$aDe Angelini, Anna.
100	1#$aMcCoy, Hal
100	1#$aO'Brien, Gerard.
100	3#$aArey family
100	3#$aGuelf, House of
100	3#$aAttalid dynasty, $d282-133 B.C.
100	0#$aThomas $c(Anglo-Norman poet)
100	0#$aW. P., $cEsq.
100	0#$aGustaf $bV, $cKing of Sweden, $d1858-1950.
100	1#$aAppleton, Victor, $cII
100	1#$aSalisbury, James Cecil, $cEarl of, $dd. 1683.
100	1#$aSaur, Karl-Otto, $cJr.
100	0#$aBlack Foot, $cChief, $dd. 1877 $c(Spirit)
100	1#$aBrown, John, $d1800-1859, $edefendant
100	1#$aSperoni, Sperone, $d1500-1588. $tSelections. $f1982
100	1#$aWagner, Richard, $d1813-1883. $tOuvertüre. $hSound recording
100	1#$aHusák, Gustáv. $tSpeeches. $kSelections
100	0#$aDemetrius, $cof Phaleron, $db. 350 B.C. $tDe elocutione. $lRussian
100	1#$aRies, Ferdinand, $d1784-1838. $tOctet, $mpiano, winds, strings, $nop. 128, $rA major
100	1#$aTelemann, Georg Philipp, $d1681-1767. $tSonatas, $mflutes (2), $nop. 5; $oarr.
100	1#$aKalashnikov, S. D. $q(Sergei Dmitrievich)
100	0#$aClaudius $q(Claudius Ceccon)
100	0#$aGautama Buddha $vBiography $vEarly works to 1800
100	3#$aClark family $vFiction
100	1#$aShakespeare, William, $d1564-1616 $xCriticism and interpretation $xHistory $y18th century
100	0#$aFrederick $bII, $cHoly Roman Emperor, $d1194-1250 $xHomes and haunts $zItaly
100	0#$aE.S., $cMeister, $d15th cent., $jFollower of
100	1#$aReynolds, Joshua, $cSir, $d1723-1792, $jPupil of

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110 - HEADING--CORPORATE NAME (NR)

An established corporate name used in a name, name/title, or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished corporate name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

First - Type of corporate name entry element
A value that indicates the form of the entry element of the heading.
- 0 - Inverted name
  The corporate name begins with a personal name in inverted order.
- 1 - Jurisdiction name
  The entry element is a name of a jurisdiction that is also an ecclesiastical entity or is a jurisdiction name under which a corporate name, a city section, or a title of a work is entered.
- 2 - Name in direct order
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element (NR)
A name of a corporate body, or the first entity when subordinate units are present; a jurisdiction name under which a corporate body, city section, or a title of a work is entered; or a jurisdictional name that is also an ecclesiastical entity.
$b - Subordinate unit (R)
A name of a subordinate corporate unit, a name of a city section, or a name of a meeting entered under a corporate or jurisdiction name.
$c - Location of meeting (NR)
A place name or a name of an institution where a meeting was held.
$d - Date of meeting or treaty signing (R)
The date a meeting was held or, in a name/title field, the date a treaty was signed.
$e - Relator term (R)
A term that describes the relationship between a name and a work.
$f - Date of a work (NR)
A date of publication used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
The name of the other party to a treaty in a name/title heading; a subelement that is not more appropriately contained in subfield $c, $d, or $n in a heading for a meeting entered under a corporate name; or a data element that is not more appropriately contained in another defined subfield in any other type of corporate name heading.
$h - Medium (NR)
$k - Form subheading (R)
$l - Language of a work (NR)
The name of a language(s) used with a title of a work in a name/title heading
$m - Medium of performance for music (R)
$n - Number of part/section/meeting (R)
A number designation for a meeting entered under a corporate name or for a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
The abbreviation arr. used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title heading.
$p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
A name designation of a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$r - Key for music (NR)
The statement of key used in a uniform title for a work in a name/title heading.
$s - Version (NR)
Version, edition, etc., information used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$t - Title of a work (NR)
A uniform title, a title page title of a work, or a series title used in a name/title heading.
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

110	1#$aArlington National Cemetery (Va.)
110	2#$aNigel Brooks Chorale.
110	2#$aField & Young (Jersey City, N.J.)
110	1#$aPennsylvania. $bState Board of Examiners of Nursing Home Administrators
110	1#$aJalisco (Mexico). $tLey que aprueba el plan regional urbano de Guadalajara, 1979-1983
110	2#$aUniversity of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. $bExperimental Music Studios
110	2#$aArizona Family Planning Council
110	2#$aPRONAPADE (Firm)
110	1#$aNotre-Dame de Laeken (Belgium : Parish)
110	2#$aLabour Party (Great Britain). $bConference $n(71st : $cBlackpool)
110	1#$aNew Hampshire. $bConstitutional Convention $d(1781)
110	1#$aAlgeria. $tTreaties, etc. $gEngland and Wales, $d1682 Apr. 20
110	2#$aRaleigh Publishing Company. $tWorks. $f1979
110	1#$aFrance. $tConstitution (1946)
110	1#$aMinnesota. $bConstitutional Convention $d(1857 : $gRepublican)
110	1#$aGreat Britain. $tTreaties, etc. $gPoland, $d1948 Mar. 2. $kProtocols, etc. $d1951 Mar. 6
110	2#$aPearls Before Swine (Musical group). $tOne nation underground. $hSound recording
110	2#$aBritish Library. $kManuscript. $nArundel 384
110	2#$aLibrary of Congress. $bCongressional Research Service. $bSenior Specialist Division. $tSoviet diplomacy and negotiating behavior. $lJapanese. $kSelections
110	1#$aUnited States. $bCongress $n(97th, 2nd session : $d1982). $bHouse
110	1#$aPhilippines. $tLabor Code of the Philippines. $nBook 5, $pLabor Relations
110	2#$aUnited Nations $xEconomic assistance $vPeriodicals
110	2#$aCatholic Church $zGermany $xHistory $y1933-1945
110	2#$aReal Academia de la Historia (Spain). $kManuscript. $nH.
110	2#$aSociety of Friends $zPennsylvania $xHistory $vMaps

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111 - HEADING--MEETING NAME (NR)

An established meeting name used in a name, name/title, or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished meeting name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

First - Type of meeting name entry element
A value that identifies the form of the entry element of the heading.
- 0 - Inverted name
  The meeting name begins with a personal name in inverted order.
- 1 - Jurisdiction name
  The entry element is a jurisdiction name under which a meeting name is entered.
- 2 - Name in direct order
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Meeting name or jurisdiction name as entry element (NR)
A name of a meeting or a jurisdiction name under which a meeting name is entered.
$c - Location of meeting (NR)
A place name or a name of an institution where a meeting was held.
$d - Date of meeting (NR)
$e - Subordinate unit (R)
The name of a subordinate unit entered under a meeting name.
$f - Date of a work (NR)
$g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
A data element not more appropriately contained in another defined subfield.
$h - Medium (NR)
A media qualifier used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$k - Form subheading (R)
$l - Language of a work (NR)
The name of a language(s) used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$n - Number of part/section/meeting (R)
A number designation for a meeting entered under a corporate name or for a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
A name designation of a part or section of a work used with a title in a name/title heading.
$q - Name of meeting following jurisdiction name entry element (NR)
The name of a meeting that is entered under a jurisdiction name contained in subfield $a.
$s - Version (NR)
Version, edition, etc., information used with a title of a work in a name/title heading.
$t - Title of a work (NR)
A uniform title, a title page title of a work, or a series title used in a name/title heading.
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

111	2#$aSymposium Internacional "Manuel Pedroso" In Memoriam $d(1976 : $cGuanajuato, Mexico)
111	2#$aWittenberg University Luther Symposium $d(1983)
111	2#$aInternational Symposium on Quality Control (1974- )
111	2#$aIllinois White House Conference on Children $d(1980 : $cSpringfield, Ill.). $eChicago Regional Committee
111	2#$aSymposium on Nonsteady Fluid Dynamics, $cSan Francisco, $d1978 $g(Projected, not held)
111	2#$aInternational Conference on Safety of Life at Sea $d(1960 : $cLondon, England). $tFinal act of conference with annexes including the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, signed in London, 17 June, 1960. $lChinese & English. $kSelections
111	2#$aConference on the Limitation of Armament $d(1921-1922 : $cWashington, D.C.). $tWashington Kaigi keika. $n1. $pGunbi seigen ni kansuru mondai
111	2#$aOlympic Games $xHistory $vJuvenile literature
111	2#$aNew York World's Fair $d(1939-1940) $xBuildings
111	2#$aLa Crosse Health and Sports Science Symposium

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130 - HEADING--UNIFORM TITLE (NR)

An established uniform title used in a title or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished uniform title used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Nonfiling characters
- 0-9 - Number of nonfiling characters

Subfield Codes

$a - Uniform title (NR)
$d - Date of treaty signing (R)
$f - Date of a work (NR)
$g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
A data element not more appropriately contained in another defined subfield.
$h - Medium (NR)
A media qualifier.
$k - Form subheading (R)
$l - Language of a work (NR)
$m - Medium of performance for music (R)
$n - Number of part/section of a work (R)
$o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
$p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
$r - Key for music (NR)
$s - Version (NR)
$t - Title of a work (NR)
A title-page title of a work.
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

130	#0$a"Hsuan lai hsi kan" hsi lieh
130	#0$aBastard
130	#0$aHabakkuk commentary
130	#0$aBeowulf
130	#0$aResources information series
130	#0$aImago (Series)
130	#0$aSocialist thought and practice (Belgrade, Serbia)
130	#0$aEconomia (Franco Angeli editore : 1985)
130	#0$aInter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance $d(1947)
130	#0$aBible. $lLatin. $sVulgate. $f1454?
130	#0$aNew-York statesman (1823)
130	#0$aGone with the wind (Motion picture). $hSound recording
130	#0$aBible. $pO.T. $pFive Scrolls. $lHebrew. $sBiblioteca apostolica Vaticana. $kManuscript. $nUrbaniti Hebraicus 1
130	#0$aConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms $d(1950). $kProtocols, etc.
130	#0$aVedas. $pRgveda. $lItalian & Sanskrit. $kSelections
130	#0$aConcerto, $mviolin, string orchestra, $rD major
130	#0$aAnnale Universiteit van Stellenbosch. $nSerie A2, $pSoölogie
130	#0$aGod save the king; $oarr.
130	#0$aQuestoes internacionais. $pSérie Estudos
130	#0$aTalmud Yerushalmi. $pNezikin. $lGerman. $kSelections
130	#0$aAmerican Convention on Human Rights $d(1969). $nPart 2, $pMeans of Protection. $lSpanish
130	#0$aBeowulf $xLanguage $vGlossaries, etc.
130	#0$aKoran $xCriticism, interpretation, etc. $xHistory $y19th century

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150 - HEADING--TOPICAL TERM (NR)

An established topical term used in main or extended subject headings in established heading records or an unestablished topical term used in these types of headings in subdivision, reference, or node label records.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Topical term or geographic name entry element (NR)
A topical subject, a geographic name used as an entry element for a topical term, or a node label term.
$b - Topical term following geographic name entry element (NR)
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

150	##$aBlood
150	##$aCatalogs by source
150	##$aCharacters and characteristics in literature
150	##$aBull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862
150	##$aScuba diving $vPeriodicals
150	##$aConflict of laws $xSupport (Domestic relations)
150	##$aGod $xHistory of doctrines $yMiddle Ages, 600-1500
150	##$aMusic $y500-1400
150	##$aPainting, Chinese $ySung-Yüan dynasties, 960-1368 $xSocieties, etc.
150	##$aChapels $zGermany (West)
150	##$aJohn, the Baptist, Saint, in the Koran
150	##$aCatholic Church in art
150	##$aBible and atheism
150	##$aGreece in art
150	##$aHurricane Flora, 1963
150	##$aÜberhaupt (The German word)
150	##$aAfrihili (Artificial language)

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151 - HEADING--GEOGRAPHIC NAME (NR)

A geographic name used as a heading in an established heading record, an established heading and subdivision record, a traced or an untraced reference record, or a reference and subdivision record.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Geographic name (NR)
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

151	##$aAmazon River
151	##$aCommunist countries
151	##$aHalley's comet
151	##$aInterstate 70
151	##$aMason and Dixon's Line
151	##$aHimalaya Mountains
151	##$aIrrawaddy Division (Burma)
151	##$aLeesville (S.C.)
151	##$aPalenque Site (Mexico)
151	##$aPompeii (Extinct city)
151	##$aAltamira Cave (Spain)
151	##$aAntietam National Battlefield (Md.)
151	##$aGreenwich Village (New York, N.Y.)
151	##$aKing Ranch (Tex.)
151	##$aWarm Springs Indian Reservation (Or.)
151	##$aDelaware Memorial Bridge (Del. and N.J.)
151	##$aParis (France) $vGuidebooks
151	##$aRussia $xTerritorial expansion $vMaps, Pictorial
151	##$aUnited States $xHistory $yCivil War, 1861-1865 $xConscientious objectors
151	##$aVenus (Planet)
151	##$aGreen River (Ky. : River)
151	##$aCasper (Wyo.) $vMaps
151	##$aUnited States $xForeign relations $y1993- $vPeriodicals

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155 - HEADING--GENRE/FORM TERM (NR)

A genre or form term used as a heading in an established heading record, an established heading and subdivision record, a traced or an untraced reference record, or a reference and subdivision record. The term may consist of more than one word.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$a - Genre/form term (NR)
$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

155	##$aBird's-eye views $y1874
155	##$aCartoons $y1952
155	##$aDictionaries $xFrench $y18th century
155	##$aHymnals $zMassachusetts $y18th century
155	##$aPhotographs $vPeriodicals
155	##$aAgenda $xWeekly $y1980-1985

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180 - HEADING--GENERAL SUBDIVISION (NR)

A topical, form, or language term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

180	##$xRussian $vDictionaries
180	##$xPolitical aspects
180	##$xRhetoric $xAbility testing
180	##$xArabic [or, Italian, etc.]
180	##$xCivilization $y16th century
180	##$xHistory $y18th century $xExhibitions
180	##$xNuclear reactor safety $y1975-1985 $zUnited States

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181 - HEADING--GEOGRAPHIC SUBDIVISION (NR)

A geographic name or term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

181	##$zParis (France) $vPhotographs
181	##$zMississippi $zTippah County $xHistory
181	##$zWashington (D.C.) $y1890-1910
181	##$zHudson River Valley (N.Y. and N.J.)
181	##$zNew York (State) $zBuffalo
181	##$zForeign countries $xHistory and criticism
181	##$zAntarctica $zWeddell Sea Region
181	##$zGermany $xHistory $y1933-1945

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182 - HEADING--CHRONOLOGICAL SUBDIVISION (NR)

A chronological term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

182	##$y1981- $vPeriodicals
182	##$yTo 1500
182	##$y18th century
182	##$yEarly church, ca. 30-600
182	##$yGreat War, 1843-1852
182	##$yGeometric period, ca. 900-700 B.C.
182	##$yMiddle Ages, 600-1500
182	##$ySung-Yüan dynasties, 960-1368
182	##$yCivil War, 1861-1865 $xConscientious objectors

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185 - HEADING--FORM SUBDIVISION (NR)

A form or genre term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

First - Undefined
- # - Undefined
Second - Undefined
- # - Undefined

Subfield Codes

$v - Form subdivision (R)
$x - General subdivision (R)
$y - Chronological subdivision (R)
$z - Geographic subdivision (R)
$6 - Linkage (NR) See Control Subfields
$8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control Subfields

Examples

185	##$vFiction
185	##$vAbbreviations
185	##$vIndexes $vPeriodicals
185	##$vcase studies $vsoftware
185	##$vDictionaries $xSpanish
185	##$vPoetry $yTo 1500
185	##$vCatalogs and collections $zUnited States

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