MARC 21 Concise Authority: See From Tracing Fields (4XX)
This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the 2002 electronic
edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats. Please see
www.loc.gov/marc/concise/ for the most up-to-date version of the electronic MARC 21 Concise Formats.
Fields 400-485, the See From tracing fields, are used to identify
unauthorized forms of headings and other variants not chosen as an authorized
form. General information about these MARC 21 data elements is presented in
the Tracings and References--General Information
section. See From tracings are recorded in one of the following fields:
Information for Translators and Other Users
Items highlighted in red indicate changes made
after the 2001 edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats was published and
are included in the 2002 printed edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats.
Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a personal name not used in an established
heading. See field 100 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Type of personal name entry element
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Personal name (NR)
- $b - Numeration (NR)
- $c - Titles and other words associated with a name (R)
- $d - Dates associated with a name (NR)
- $e - Relator term (R)
- $f - Date of a work (NR)
- $g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
- $h - Medium (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $j - Attribution qualifier (R)
- $k - Form subheading (R)
- $l - Language of a work (NR)
- $m - Medium of performance for music (R)
- $n - Number of part/section of a work (R)
- $o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
- $p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
- $q - Fuller form of name (NR)
- $r - Key for music (NR)
- $s - Version (NR)
- $t - Title of a work (NR)
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
400 |
1#$aSingh, Bhagat,$d1921- |
400 |
1#$aBeethoven, Ludwig van,$d1770-1827.$tKonzert
für Violine und Orchester D-Dur op. 61 |
400 |
1#$aBlackbeard, Author of,$d1777-1852 |
400 |
0#$aAuthor of Blackbeard,$d1777-1852 |
400 |
0#$aJesus Christ$xInterpretations, New
Testament |
400 |
3#$aAngiò, House of |
400 |
1#$aCampbell, Stan.$tBibleLog for adults.$pThru
the Old Testament series |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a corporate name not used in an established
heading. See field
110 for descriptions of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Type of corporate name entry element
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element (NR)
- $b - Subordinate unit (R)
- $c - Location of meeting (NR)
- $d - Date of meeting or treaty signing (R)
- $e - Relator term (R)
- $f - Date of a work (NR)
- $g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
- $h - Medium (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $k - Form subheading (R)
- $l - Language of a work (NR)
- $m - Medium of performance for music (R)
- $n - Number of part/section/meeting (R)
- $o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
- $p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
- $r - Key for music (NR)
- $s - Version (NR)
- $t - Title of a work (NR)
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
410 |
1#$aHonduras.$bEstudios Territoriales,
Oficina de |
410 |
1#$aVenezuela.$tAmendment of exchange
agreement no. 2 |
410 |
1#$aSan Francisco (Calif.).$bChinatown |
410 |
2#$aCISNU |
410 |
2#$wnnaa$aConföderation Iranischer
Studenten |
410 |
2#$aPierre Lherminier (Firm) |
410 |
2#$aCentro de Estudios de Historia de México.$kManuscript.$sCódice
Condumex |
410 |
2#$aMuseum of Northern Arizona.$tBiology
research report |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a meeting name not used in an established
heading. See field
111 for descriptions of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Type of meeting name entry element
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Meeting name or jurisdiction name as entry element (NR)
- $c - Location of meeting (NR)
- $d - Date of meeting (NR)
- $e - Subordinate unit (R)
- $f - Date of a work (NR)
- $g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
- $h - Medium (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $k - Form subheading (R)
- $l - Language of a work (NR)
- $n - Number of part/section/meeting (R)
- $p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
- $q - Name of meeting following jurisdiction name entry element (NR)
- $s - Version (NR)
- $t - Title of a work (NR)
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
411 |
2#$aSymposium on Laser Anemometry, International |
411 |
1#$wnnaa$aBayreuth (Germany)$qFestspiele.$eOrchester |
411 |
2#$aJakob-Stainer-Symposium$d(1983 :$cInnsbruck,
Austria) |
411 |
2#$aInternational Population Conference$d(1959
:$cVienna, Austria).$eArbeitsausschuss
des Kongresses |
411 |
2#$aCarlsberg Expedition to Phoenicia$d(1958-1959).$tPublications
of the Carlsberg Expedition to Phoenicia |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a uniform title not used in an established
heading. See field
130 for descriptions of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Nonfiling characters
- 0-9 Number of nonfiling characters
Subfield Codes
- $a - Uniform title (NR)
- $d - Date of treaty signing (R)
- $f - Date of a work (NR)
- $g - Miscellaneous information (NR)
- $h - Medium (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $k - Form subheading (R)
- $l - Language of a work (NR)
- $m - Medium of performance for music (R)
- $n - Number of part/section of a work (R)
- $o - Arranged statement for music (NR)
- $p - Name of part/section of a work (R)
- $r - Key for music (NR)
- $s - Version (NR)
- $t - Title of a work (NR)
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
430 |
#0$aChronicles of Narnia (Collier Books (Firm)) |
430 |
#0$aGestion (Presses universitaires de France) |
430 |
#0$aBible$xInfluence$yMiddle
Ages |
430 |
#0$aBible$vAtlases |
430 |
#0$aKoran$zIran |
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Used in an established heading or established heading
and subdivision record to trace a see from reference from a chronological term
not used in an established heading. See field
148 for descriptions of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Chronological term (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (R)
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See
Tracings and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R)
See Control Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R)
See Control Subfields
Examples
448 |
##$aNineteenth century |
448 |
##$aTwentieth century |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a topical term not used in an established
heading. See field 150 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Topical term or geographic name entry element (NR)
- $b - Topical term following geographic name entry element (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
450 |
##$aEnglish drama$xAfrican authors |
450 |
##$aMusic$y15th century$xTheory |
450 |
##$aExclamations (Linguistics) |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a geographic name not used in an established
heading. See field 151 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Geographic name (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
451 |
##$aDipper (Constellation) |
451 |
##$aAdirondacks (N.Y.) |
451 |
##$aWashington Barracks (Washington, D.C.) |
451 |
##$wnnaa$aMedina, Ohio |
451 |
##$aWest Washington (D.C.)$vMaps |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a genre/form term not used in an established
heading. See field 155 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
- $a - Genre/form term (NR)
- $i - Reference instruction phrase (NR) See Tracings
and References
- $v - Form subdivision (R)
- $w - Control subfield (NR) See Tracings
and References
- 1 - Tracing use restriction
- 2 - Earlier form of heading
- $x - General subdivision (R)
- $y - Chronological subdivision (R)
- $z - Geographic subdivision (R)
- $5 - Institution to which field applies (R) See Control
Subfields
- $6 - Linkage (NR) See Control
Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number (R) See Control
Subfields
Examples
455 |
##$aOperettas |
455 |
##$aSci-fi |
455 |
##$aPanoramic views |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a general subdivision not used in an established
heading. See field 180 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
Examples
480 |
##$xKnowledge$xAesthetics |
480 |
##$xViews on aesthetics |
480 |
##$xSocial views |
480 |
##$xViews on politics and society |
480 |
##$xViews on society |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a geographic subdivision not used in an established
heading. See field 181 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
Example
481 |
##$zWashington (State)$zMount Rainier |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a chronological subdivision not used in an
established heading. See field 182 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
Example
482 |
##$yPrimitive and early church, ca. 30-600 |
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Used in an established heading or established heading and subdivision record
to trace a see from reference from a form subdivision not used in an established
heading. See field 185 for descriptions
of most content designators.
Indicators
- First - Undefined
- Second - Undefined
Subfield Codes
Examples
485 |
##$vLieder |
485 |
##$vArt songs |
485 |
##$vJournals (Diaries) |
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