MARC 21 Concise Holdings:
Caption and Pattern Fields (853-855)
This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the
2003 electronic edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats. Please see www.loc.gov/marc/concise/ for
the most up-to-date
version of the electronic MARC 21 Concise Formats.
Information for Translators and Other Users
Items highlighted in red indicate changes made
after the 2002 edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats was published
and are included in the 2003 printed edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats.
Fields 853-855 contain captions that identify the
enumeration and chronology levels, and codes that define
the publication pattern of the holdings described in fields
863-865 (Enumeration and Chronology). Related occurrences
of fields 853-855 and 863-865 are linked by a number in subfield
$8 (Field link and sequence number).
A general description of the four types of holdings data fields
and their relationship to each other is given in the
Holdings Data--General Information
section.
Indicators
- First - Compressibility and expandability
[853/854]
In fields 853 and 854, a value that indicates whether a computer
algorithm may
be used to convert the content of subfields $a-$m in one or more
linked enumeration and chronology fields (863-864) from: an
itemized report to one that expresses the
same range of holdings in terms of the enumeration and chronology
of only the first and last part held; or a
compressed first-and-last-part-held listing
of a range of holdings to an explicit itemization of each part
held.
- 0 - Cannot compress or expand
- 1 - Can compress but not expand
- 2 - Can compress or expand
- First - Undefined
[855]
- Second - Caption evaluation
[853/854]
In fields 853 and 854, a value that indicates the completeness
of the captions for the various levels of enumeration and
chronology contained in subfields $a-$m and whether they appear
on the bibliographic item.
- 0 - Captions verified; all levels
present
- 1 - Captions verified; all levels may
not be present
- 2 - Captions unverified; all levels
present
- 3 - Captions unverified; all levels
may not be present
- Second - Undefined
[855]
Subfield Codes
- $a-$h - Enumeration captions
The captions for the levels of enumeration applicable to a bibliographic item. These
caption subfields are correlated with the enumeration subfields $a-$h in
the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology field linked to the 853-855
field, although the same subfields need not always be present.
Full correlation of caption and enumeration level subfields $a-$h
in linked 853-855/863-865 fields
is not required when captions are not desired
for displaying the holdings statement. Full correlation
is required when compression or expansion of
the enumeration in field 863 or 864 by computer algorithm is
desired. If there is no caption on the item for some level, a
caption may be invented and enclosed in brackets ([ ]) in order to
achieve full correlation.
When alternative numbering schemes are applicable to an item,
subfields $g and $h contain the alternative enumeration captions.
If captions for more than two levels of alternative enumeration
are required, an 866-868 Textual Holdings field is used.
When only chronology captions are used on an item (that is, the
item carries no enumeration), the chronology captions are
contained in the relevant enumeration caption subfields ($a-$h).
If a chronology caption is not to be used in a display of the
enumeration and chronology field (863-865), it is enclosed in
parentheses, for example,
(year).
When a supplement or index designation is used as a caption
(which occurs if its numbering relates to a particular volume or
part of the bibliographic unit, e.g. v. 9, suppl. 1-3) the
designation is contained in the relevant enumeration caption
subfield ($a-$f).
When the enumeration consists of the number of units held
followed by a term describing the units, the entire phrase is
contained in the appropriate 863-865 field, and the 853-855 field
contains the term unit (in parentheses if display is not
desired). - $a - First level of enumeration
(NR)
- $b - Second level of enumeration
(NR)
- $c - Third level of enumeration
(NR)
- $d - Fourth level of enumeration
(NR)
- $e - Fifth level of enumeration
(NR)
- $f - Sixth level of enumeration
(NR)
- $g - Alternative numbering scheme, first
level of enumeration
(NR)
- $h - Alternative numbering scheme, second
level of enumeration
(NR)
- $i-$m - Chronology captions
The captions for the levels of chronology applicable to a bibliographic item. These caption
subfields are correlated with the chronology subfields $i-$m in
the Enumeration and Chronology fields (863-865) linked to fields
853-855, although the same subfields need not always be present.
Full correlation of caption and chronology level subfields $i-$m
in the field 853-855 and 863-865 is not required when captions are
not desired for displaying the holdings statement. Full
correlation is required when compression or expansion of the
chronology in field 863 or 864 by computer algorithm is desired.
Because bibliographic items generally do not carry chronology
captions, a caption may be invented and enclosed in brackets ([ ])
in order to achieve full correlation.
When an alternative chronology scheme is applicable to an item,
subfield $m contains the alternative chronology caption. If
captions for more than one level of alternative chronology are
required, a Textual Holdings field (866-868) is used.
When only chronology captions are used on an item (that is, the
item carries no enumeration), the chronology captions are carried
in the relevant enumeration caption subfields ($a-$h) and no
captions are recorded in subfields $i-$m. If a chronology caption
is not to be used in a display of the Enumeration and
Chronology (863-865) field, it is enclosed in parentheses, e.g.,
(year). - $i - First level of chronology
(NR)
- $j - Second level of chronology
(NR)
- $k - Third level of chronology
(NR)
- $l - Fourth level of chronology
(NR)
- $m - Alternative numbering scheme,
chronology
(NR)
- $n - Pattern note
(NR)
- $o - Type of supplementary material
(NR) [854]
A caption that describes the type of supplementary material (e.g., annual buyer's guide)
in field 854. When used, subfield $o immediately follows the caption to which it
refers.
If the title of the supplementary material is different from the
indication of the type, the title is recorded in subfield $o
(Title of supplementary material) of the 864 field. - $o - Type of index
(NR) [855]
A caption that describes the type of index (e.g., subject index) in field 855 when the type
is specified on the item. When used, subfield $o immediately follows the caption
to which it refers.
If the title of an index is different from the indication of the
type, the title is recorded in subfield $o (Title of index) of the
865 field. - $p - Number of pieces per issuance
(NR)
- $t - Copy
(NR)
A caption for the copy number contained in subfield $t of a
linked Enumeration and Chronology field. - $u - Bibliographic units per next higher
level
(R)
A number (or the code
var or
und) that specifies the total number of parts
that comprise
the next higher level of enumeration. It follows the caption
subfield for
the enumeration level to which it applies. Subfield $u is not
used with subfield $a or $g.
- [n] - Number of parts
The total number of parts that constitute the next higher level
of enumeration for example, a quarterly publication requires 4
issues to make 1 volume. Because subfield $u is variable in
length, no leading zero is used for a single-character
number.
- var - Varies
Used when a specific number would be
meaningless.
- $v - Numbering continuity
(R)
Indicates whether the numbering
of the
described level consists of continuously incrementing numbers or
numbers that
restart at the completion of the unit.
- c - Number increments
continuously
- r - Numbering restarts at the
completion of the unit
- $w - Frequency
(NR)
A code or a number that
indicates the publication frequency of the item. Subfield $w is
not related to a specific caption. It is input following the
last chronology caption used. Specific publishing pattern
information is contained in subfield $y (Regularity).
Subfield $p is also used when both a frequency code and number of pieces per
issuance need to be recorded for multipart titles.
- Codes
Codes used for frequencies that have a fundamental
periodicity.
- a - Annual
- b - Bimonthly
- c - Semiweekly
- d - Daily
- e - Biweekly
- f - Semiannual
- g - Biennial
- h - Triennial
- i - Three times a week
- j - Three times a month
- k - Continuously updated
- m - Monthly
- q - Quarterly
- s - Semimonthly
- t - Three times a year
- w - Weekly
- x - Completely irregular
- Number
A number is used to specify the issues per year when no codable
periodicity exists. Because subfield $w is variable in length,
no leading zero is used for a single-character number.
- $x - Calendar change
(NR)
One or more two- or four-character numeric codes that
indicate the chronological point at which the highest
level increments or changes.
- Codes
A two-character code identifies the month or season of
change. A four-character code in the pattern
mmdd (2 for the month and 2 for the
day) identifies the month and the day of change. A month
or day code of less than two digits is right justified and
the unused position contains a zero.
- Season:
- 21 - Spring
- 22 - Summer
- 23 - Autumn
- 24 - Winter
- $y - Regularity pattern
(R)
Describes the regularity of the publishing
pattern coded in subfield $w (Frequency). The subfield may be structured in two ways
using either chronology or enumeration code values. Both types begin with a publication code.
- Publication Code
Indicates whether the
subsequent codes refer to the publication or the
nonpublication of part(s) of the item.
- c - Combined
- o - Omitted
- p - Published
- Chronology Code
The chronology type is structured as:
<Publication Code><Chronology Code
Definition><Chronology
Code>,<Chronology Code>...
The subfield may contain one or more chronology codes
that are associated with the publication code and chronology
code definition that are in the first and second character
position of the subfield. The subfield may be repeated to allow for coding more than one
publication code/chronology code definition/chronology code string to indicate regular exceptions
to a specified regularity pattern (i.e., normalized irregulars).
- Chronology Code Definition
Indicates whether the
subsequent Chronology Code(s) represent the name of the
day, a numeric month or month-and-day code, a code for
a season of the year, or a code for a week of the month
or year.
- d - Day
- m - Month
- s - Season
- w - Week
- y - Year
- Chronology Code
Indicates the designation of
the part of the item for which regularity pattern
information is provided. Multiple codes are separated
by a comma. A slash (/) is used to designate combined
issues.
Two-character alphabetic or numeric codes are
used for days, weeks, months, and/or seasons. A code
of less than two digits is right justified and the
unused position contains a zero.
- Enumeration Code
The enumeration type is structured as:
<Publication Code><Enumeration Code Definition><Enumeration
Code>,<Enumeration Code>...
An enumeration code may occupy the second and third positions after subfield $y
to provide for regularity patterns for items that use only enumeration for sequencing
and/or those items whose sequencing must be specified separately when
combinations occur.
- Enumeration Code Definition
Indicates whether the subsequent codes
represent enumeration rather than chronology. When code "e" is used,
an additional numeric code is added to indicate the level of enumeration to which
the regularity applies.
- e1 - Enumeration, 1st level
- e2 - Enumeration, 2nd level
Indicates the designation of the issues of the item for which regularity pattern information is
provided. Multiple designations are separated by a comma. A slash (/) is used to
designate a combined issue.
The presence of continuous numbering (subfield $v, code c) in conjunction with an
enumeration code signals the combination of specific numbers in the sequence of
specific issues. Because of the continuous numbering, the actual enumeration values
cannot be used to express the enumeration in subfield $y. Enumerative values must be
represented in terms of the number of issues expected to be published to allow combined
issue prediction to occur.
Automated systems may construct algorithms to predict the second level of
continuous enumeration based on the starting value of the second level of
enumeration at the beginning of the subscription cycle.
The Regularity pattern codes are maintained at the Library of Congress. Questions on
coding
patterns or establishing new ones should be addressed to the
Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C. 20540-4402 (Internet: ndmso@loc.gov).
See Chronology Type and Code Patterns at: www.loc.gov/marc/chrono_patterns.html
for a listing of all codes used in subfield $y.
- $z - Numbering scheme
(R)
A six character code string used to designate the numbering scheme
used on a publication. The codes allow for recording different numbering schemes at different
levels of enumeration.
- Type of designation
Indicates whether the numbering is a number, letter or
combined (number first or letter first). Combined should only be used when one of the elements
is a constant designation (e.g., 1a, 2a, 3a), rather than actually two different levels of
enumeration (e.g., 1a, 1b, 1c).
- a - Number
- b - Letter
- c - Combined, number first
- d - Combined, letter first
- e - Symbol or special character
- Case
Indicates if a numbering scheme is conveyed as alphas and
applies both to those coded in the previous position as "b" or to Roman numerals.
- a - No case
- b - Lower case
- c - Upper case
- d - Mixed case
- Script Code/Type Code
Indicates either the script used in the numbering scheme
or, for numerals or symbols that are not in alternate scripts, the type of numeral or symbol used.
The script code is a four-character from ISO/DIS 15924
Code for the Representation of Names of Scripts found at www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/
The type code
is as follows:
- an## - Arabic numeral
- rn## - Roman numeral
- sy<symbol># - Symbol
- $3 - Materials specified
(NR)
Specifies the range of volumes or dates to which the
field applies. - $6 - Linkage
(NR)
See Control Subfields
- $8 - Field link and sequence number
(NR)
See Control Subfields
Compression and expansion requirements
The following conditions must be present in a holdings statement
for machine compression or expansion (itemization) to be possible.
- Leader/17 Encoding level
Compression only can be applied to
Holdings level 4 detailed holdings statements (Leader/17, code 4)
and Holdings level 4 detailed holdings statements with
piece designation (Leader/17,code 5).
Expansion can be applied to both types of
detailed holdings statements (Leader/17, code 4 or 5) and to
Holdings level 3 summary holdings statements (Leader/17,
code 3). - Correlation of the 853/854 caption and the 863/864 enumeration level subfields
Compression and
expansion require that the caption subfields ($a-$m) for each of
the applicable levels of enumeration and chronology subfields ($a-$m) must be present in the
caption and pattern field (853/854) that is linked to the enumeration and chronology field
(863/864). - Publication pattern subfields $u-$y
No publication pattern subfields in field 853 or 854 are required
for either compression or expansion when the enumeration and
chronology in field 863 or 864 consist only of the highest level
of enumeration (subfields $a, $g, $i, $m). When subsequent levels
are present, the compression or expansion capability requires
pertinent publication pattern information in the following
subfields:
- $u - Bibliographic units per next higher level
- $v - Numbering continuity
- $w - Frequency
- $x - Calendar change
- $y - Regularity pattern
Compression of the contents of subfields
$a-$m in field 863 or 864 requires information in subfields $u and
$v. Subfield $u may not contain the code
var (varies) or
und (undetermined).
Expansion of the contents of subfield $a-$m
in field 863 or 864 requires information in subfields $u, $v, and
$w and may also require information in subfields $x and
$y.
Ordinal Numbers
To indicate that ordinal numbers should be displayed, a plus sign (+) may be used
preceding the caption. If no caption is entered, a plus sign may be recorded alone to indicate
display of the corresponding 863 subfield as an ordinal number.
853 |
03$81$a(year)$b+qtr. |
863 |
40$81.1$a1982$b1 |
853 |
03$81$a+ |
863 |
40$81.1$a1 |
Note that there is no requirement that this technique of distinguishing between ordinal and
cardinal numbers be used, nor is there any requirement that any differentiation need be made.
A system would require internal language tables to display the correct ordinal numbers. There
is no provision in the holdings format for communicating these tables.Go to top of document
The caption that is appropriate for each
level of enumeration and chronology that is present in a related
863 Enumeration and Chronology Basic Bibliographic Unit field and
codes that define the publication pattern of the item. A display
may be generated from the contents of field 853 and the related
863 field(s) to which it is linked by subfield $8 (Field link and
sequence number).
Guidelines for applying the content designators defined for field 853 are given in the
Caption and Pattern Fields--General
Information
section.
Examples
853 |
02$av$i(year)$wg$ypyyyy1/yyy2 |
853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x11 |
853 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u4$vr$i(year)$j(season)$wq$x21 |
853 |
00$81$a(year)$w4 |
853 |
01$82$anew ser.:v. |
853 |
03$81$a(unit) |
853 |
03$81$av.$bno. |
853 |
02$81$av.$bsect.$u12$vr$cno.$u7$vr$dpt.$uvar$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$lweek$wd$x01 |
853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u12$vr$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$ww$x01 |
853 |
22$81$av.$bno.$u04$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wq$x12$tc |
853 |
10$avol.$bno.$v8$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01$ypm 01/02, 03, 04, 05, 06/07, 08/09, 10, 11/12 |
853 |
03$81$av.$bno.$ww$yow01,0699we,0700we,0801we,0802we,0803we,0804we,98we,99we |
853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u48$vr$ww$x0101$yow05we |
853 |
20$81$av.$bissue$i(year)$j(month)$k(day)$ww$zaaarab |
853 |
20$81$av.$bno.$u48$vr$ww$x0101$yow05we$zaaan## |
853 |
02$81.0
$av.
$bno.
$u252
$vc
$ww
$yce251/52 |
853 |
02$av.
$i(year)
$wg
$ypyyyy1/yyy2 |
853 |
02$av.
$bno.
$u6
$vr
$we
$ypw02we,04we
$yce21/3,4/6 |
853 |
02$81.0
$av.
$bno.
$u51
$vc
$i(year)
$j(month)
$wd
$ycd1224/1225
$yce2358/359
$nBased on v. 11, no. 2172/2173, December 24/December 25, 2001. |
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The caption that is appropriate for each
level of enumeration and chronology that is present in a related 864
Enumeration and
Chronology--Supplementary Material field and codes that define
the
publication pattern of the item. It is used only when the
supplementary
material is not separately cataloged. A display may be
generated from the
contents of field 854 and the related 864 fields(s) to which it
is linked by
subfield $8 (Field link and sequence number).
Guidelines for applying the content designators defined for field 854 are given in the
Caption and Pattern Fields--General
Information
section.
Examples
854 |
00$81$av.$bsuppl.$i(year)$j(month)$k(day) |
854 |
00$81$av.$bsuppl. |
854 |
00$81$a(year)$wa |
854 |
03$81$a(year)$b(month)$c(day)$wd$yodsa |
854 |
02$81$av.$bno.$u11$vr$i(year)$j(month)$wm$x01$ypm01,02,03,04,05,06,07/08,09,10,11,12 |
854 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u10$vr$i(year)$j(month)$w10$x09$yom07,08 |
854 |
03$81$av.$bno.$u4$vr$i(year)$j(month)$w4$x01$yps21,22,23,24 |
854 |
00$81$aSupplement to v.$i(year)$wa$x01 |
854 |
33$81$a(year)$b(month) |
854 |
00$81$a(year)$omap supplement |
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The caption that is appropriate for each
level of enumeration and chronology that is present in a related 865
Enumeration and Chronology Indexes field and codes that define the publication
pattern for the item. A display may be generated from the contents of field
855 and the related 865 field(s) to which it is linked by subfield $8 (Field link
and sequence number).
Guidelines for applying the content designators defined for field 855 are given in the
Caption and Pattern Fields--General
Information
section.
Examples
855 |
##$81$av. |
855 |
##$81$a(year)$oalphabetical index |
855 |
##$81$a(year)$oten year cumulation |
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