MARC 21 Concise Authority: Heading Fields (1XX)

This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the 2006 electronic edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats. Please see www.loc.gov/marc/concise/ for the most up-to-date version of the electronic MARC 21 Concise Formats.

Fields 100-185 contain names, uniform titles, and terms used in headings or subdivisions to headings. They are usually constructed according to generally accepted cataloging and thesaurus-building rules. In a MARC authority record, a heading is the content of a 1XX, 4XX, or 5XX field that documents the form of name, title, or term used for indexing and retrieval or organizational purposes in a file. The content designation of the subelements of each type of heading is consistent across the 1XX heading and 4XX/5XX tracing fields.

Information for Translators and Other Users
Items highlighted in red indicate changes made after the 2004 edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats was published and are included in the 2005 printed edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats.

HEADINGS--GENERAL INFORMATION

Two types of headings are defined in the authorities format:

Established heading
The authoritative form of a heading that is used as a main entry (1XX), added entry (700-730), or series added entry (440 or 800-830), or as the lead element in a subject access (600-651, 654-657) field in bibliographic records. In authority records, established headings are used in fields 100-155 (headings) and fields 500-555 (tracings) for established heading (008/09, Kind of record, code a or f) and subdivision (008/09, Kind of record, code d) records.

Unestablished heading
A heading that is not authorized for use in other MARC records as the lead element of a main, added, series, or subject access field. The unestablished heading may be a variant to the established form, a heading used only for authority file organizational purposes, or an incomplete piece of an established heading. This heading is not used in bibliographic records. In established heading records an unestablished heading may be used in a 4XX (tracing) field. In reference, subdivision, reference and subdivision, and node label records, the 1XX (heading) field contains an unestablished heading.

Headings may be names, name/title combinations, uniform titles, topical terms, chronological terms, genre/form terms, subdivisions, extended subject headings or node labels.

Name heading
A heading that is a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction (including geographic) name.

Name/title heading
A heading consisting of both a name and a title portion. The name portion may be a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction name. The title portion may be a uniform or conventional title, a title page title of a work, or a series title.

Uniform title heading
A heading consisting of a uniform or conventional title, a title page title, or a series title that is not entered under a personal, corporate, meeting, or jurisdiction name in a name/title heading construction.

Topical term heading
A heading consisting of a topical subject term.

Chronological term heading
A heading consisting of a chronological subject term.

Genre/form term heading
A heading consisting of a genre/form subject term.

Subdivision heading
A heading consisting of a general (topical or language), form, geographic, or chronological subject subdivision term. An extended subdivision heading contains more than one subject subdivision term (subfields $v, $x, $y, and $z).

Extended subject heading
A name, name/title, uniform title, topical term or genre/form term heading that includes one or more general, form, geographic, or chronological subject subdivision terms (subfield $v, $x, $y, or $z).

Node label heading
A heading consisting of a term used in the systematic section of a thesaurus to indicate the logical basis on which a category is divided. The dash (--) that precedes a subject subdivision is not carried in the MARC record; it may be generated based on the presence of subfields $v, $x, $y, or $z.

Heading Usage in Authority Records

Only the 1XX field in established heading records may be used as access points in bibliographic records. Name, name/title, and uniform title headings may be used as main or added entries (008/14, code a); name, name/title, uniform title, topical term, genre/form, and extended subject headings may be used as subject added entries (008/15, code a), and name/title and uniform title headings may be used as series added entries (008/16, code a). Subdivision headings may be used only in extended subject heading added entries.

Heading Usage in Authority Structures

A heading may be categorized as being suitable for either a name or a subject authority structure. Headings that are formulated using descriptive cataloging conventions (008/10) are suitable for a name authority structure. These headings encompass name, name/title, and uniform title headings in established heading and established heading and subdivision records and unestablished forms of these types of headings in reference records. Certain note and tracing and reference fields are used only in records for headings suitable for name authority structures.

Headings that are formulated using subject heading system /thesaurus building conventions (008/11) are suitable for a subject authority structure. These headings encompass names, name/title combinations, uniform titles, topical terms, chronological terms, and genre/form headings (and extended subject headings using these types of headings) in established heading and established heading and subdivision records. Unestablished forms of these types of headings are used in reference and, reference and subdivision records. Unestablished headings are also used in subdivision and node label records. Certain note and tracing and reference fields in the format are used only in records for headings suitable for subject authority structures.

A name portion containing open-ended date ends with a space when it is followed by other data in the same subfield; it does not end with a space when it is followed by another subfield.

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100 - HEADING--PERSONAL NAME (NR)

An established personal name used in name, name/title, or extended subject heading established heading records or an unestablished personal name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


100
1#$aOlearius, Adam,$d1603-1671

100
1#$aDe Angelini, Anna

100
1#$aMcCoy, Hal

100
1#$aO'Brien, Gerard

100
3#$aArey family

100
3#$aGuelf, House of

100
3#$aAttalid dynasty,$d282-133 B.C.

100
0#$aThomas$c(Anglo-Norman poet)

100
0#$aW. P.,$cEsq.

100
0#$aGustaf$bV,$cKing of Sweden,$d1858-1950

100
1#$aAppleton, Victor,$cII

100
1#$aSalisbury, James Cecil,$cEarl of,$dd. 1683

100
1#$aSaur, Karl-Otto,$cJr.

100
0#$aBlack Foot,$cChief,$dd. 1877$c(Spirit)

100
1#$aBrown, John,$d1800-1859,$edefendant

100
1#$aSperoni, Sperone,$d1500-1588.$tSelections.$f1982

100
1#$aWagner, Richard,$d1813-1883.$tOuvertüre.$hSound recording

100
1#$aHusák, Gustáv.$tSpeeches.$kSelections

100
0#$aDemetrius,$cof Phaleron,$db. 350 B.C.$tDe elocutione.$lRussian

100
1#$aRies, Ferdinand,$d1784-1838.$tOctet,$mpiano, winds, strings,$nop. 128,$rA major

100
1#$aTelemann, Georg Philipp,$d1681-1767.$tSonatas,$mflutes (2),$nop. 5;$oarr.

100
1#$aKalashnikov, S. D.$q(Sergei Dmitrievich)

100
0#$aClaudius$q(Claudius Ceccon)

100
0#$aGautama Buddha$vEarly works to 1800

100
3#$aClark family$vFiction

100
1#$aShakespeare, William,$d1564-1616$xCriticism and interpretation$xHistory$y18th century

100
0#$aFrederick$bII,$cHoly Roman Emperor,$d1194-1250$xHomes and haunts$zItaly

100
0#$aE.S.,$cMeister,$d15th cent.,$jFollower of

100
1#$aReynolds, Joshua,$cSir,$d1723-1792,$jPupil of

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110 - HEADING--CORPORATE NAME (NR)

An established corporate name used in a name, name/title, or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished corporate name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


110
2#$aArlington National Cemetery (Va.)

110
2#$aNigel Brooks Chorale

110
2#$aField & Young (Jersey City, N.J.)

110
1#$aPennsylvania.$bState Board of Examiners of Nursing Home Administrators

110
1#$aJalisco (Mexico).$tLey que aprueba el plan regional urbano de Guadalajara, 1979-1983

110
2#$aUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.$bExperimental Music Studios

110
2#$aArizona Family Planning Council

110
2#$aPRONAPADE (Firm)

110
2#$aNotre-Dame de Laeken (Belgium : Parish)

110
2#$aLabour Party (Great Britain).$bConference$n(71st :$cBlackpool)

110
1#$aNew Hampshire.$bConstitutional Convention$d(1781)

110
1#$aAlgeria.$tTreaties, etc.$gEngland and Wales,$d1682 Apr. 20

110
2#$aRaleigh Publishing Company.$tWorks.$f1979

110
1#$aFrance.$tConstitution (1946)

110
1#$aMinnesota.$bConstitutional Convention$d(1857 :$gRepublican)

110
1#$aGreat Britain.$tTreaties, etc.$gPoland,$d1948 Mar. 2.$kProtocols, etc.$d1951 Mar. 6

110
2#$aPearls Before Swine (Musical group).$tOne nation underground.$hSound recording

110
2#$aBritish Library.$kManuscript.$nArundel 384

110
2#$aLibrary of Congress. $bCongressional Research Service.$bSenior Specialist Division.$tSoviet diplomacy and negotiating behavior.$lJapanese.$kSelections

110
1#$aUnited States.$bCongress$n(97th, 2nd session :$d1982).$bHouse

110
1#$aPhilippines.$tLabor Code of the Philippines.$nBook 5,$pLabor Relations

110
2#$aUnited Nations$xEconomic assistance$vPeriodicals

110
2#$aCatholic Church$zGermany$xHistory$y1933-1945

110
2#$aReal Academia de la Historia (Spain).$kManuscript.$nH.

110
2#$aSociety of Friends$zPennsylvania$xHistory$vMaps

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111 - HEADING--MEETING NAME (NR)

An established meeting name used in a name, name/title, or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished meeting name used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


111
2#$aSymposium Internacional "Manuel Pedroso" In Memoriam$d(1976 :$cGuanajuato, Mexico)

111
2#$aWittenberg University Luther Symposium$d(1983)

111
2#$aInternational Symposium on Quality Control (1974- ) $n(6th : $d1987 : $cOsaka, Japan)

111
2#$aIllinois White House Conference on Children$d(1980 :$cSpringfield, Ill.).$eChicago Regional Committee

111
2#$aSymposium on Nonsteady Fluid Dynamics,$cSan Francisco,$d1978$g(Projected, not held)

111
2#$aInternational Conference on Safety of Life at Sea$d(1960 :$cLondon, England).$tFinal act of conference with annexes including the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, signed in London, 17 June, 1960.$lChinese & English.$kSelections

111
2#$aConference on the Limitation of Armament$d(1921-1922 :$cWashington, D.C.).$tWashington Kaigi keika.$n1.$pGunbi seigen ni kansuru mondai

111
2#$aOlympics$xHistory$vJuvenile literature

111
2#$aNew York World's Fair$d(1939-1940)$xBuildings

111
2#$aLa Crosse Health and Sports Science Symposium

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130 - HEADING--UNIFORM TITLE (NR)

An established uniform title used in a title or extended subject heading in established heading records or an unestablished uniform title used in these types of headings in reference records.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


130
#0$a"Hsuan lai hsi kan" hsi lieh

130
#0$aSongs, unacc.

130
#0$aBastard

130
#0$aHabakkuk commentary

130
#0$aBeowulf

130
#0$aResources information series

130
#0$aImago (Series)

130
#0$aSocialist thought and practice (Belgrade, Serbia)

130
#0$aEconomia (Franco Angeli editore : 1985)

130
#0$aInter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance$d(1947)

130
#0$aBible.$lLatin.$sVulgate.$f1454

130
#0$aNew-York statesman (1823)

130
#0$aGone with the wind (Motion picture).$hSound recording

130
#0$aBible.$pO.T.$pFive Scrolls.$lHebrew.$sBiblioteca apostolica Vaticana.$kManuscript.$nUrbaniti Hebraicus 1

130
#0$aConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms$d(1950).$kProtocols, etc.

130
#0$aVedas.$pRgveda.$lItalian & Sanskrit.$kSelections

130
#0$aConcerto,$mviolin, string orchestra,$rD major

130
#0$aAnnale Universiteit van Stellenbosch.$nSerie A2,$pSoölogie

130
#0$aGod save the king;$oarr.

130
#0$aQuestoes internacionais.$pSérie Estudos

130
#0$aTalmud Yerushalmi.$pNezikin.$lGerman.$kSelections

130
#0$aAmerican Convention on Human Rights$d(1969).$nPart 2,$pMeans of Protection.$lSpanish

130
#0$aBeowulf$xLanguage$vGlossaries, etc.

130
#0$aKoran$xCriticism, interpretation, etc.$xHistory$y19th century

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148 - HEADING--CHRONOLOGICAL TERM (NR)

A chronological term used as a heading in an established heading record, an established heading and subdivision record, a traced or untraced reference record, or a reference and subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


148
##$a1710-1714

148
##$a1500-1700

148
##$a1863

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150 - HEADING--TOPICAL TERM (NR)

An established topical term used in main or extended subject headings in established heading records or an unestablished topical term used in these types of headings in subdivision, reference, or node label records.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


150
##$aBlood

150
##$aCatalogs by source

150
##$aCharacters and characteristics in literature

150
##$aBull Run, 2nd Battle of, Va., 1862

150
##$aScuba diving $vPeriodicals

150
##$aConflict of laws$xSupport (Domestic relations)

150
##$aGod$xHistory of doctrines$yMiddle Ages, 600-1500

150
##$aMusic$y500-1400

150
##$aPainting, Chinese$ySung-Yüan dynasties, 960-1368$xSocieties, etc.

150
##$aChapels$zGermany (West)

150
##$aJohn, the Baptist, Saint, in the Koran

150
##$aCatholic Church in art

150
##$aBible and atheism

150
##$aGreece in textbooks

150
##$aHurricane Flora, 1963

150
##$aÜberhaupt (The German word)

150
##$aAfrihili (Artificial language)

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151 - HEADING--GEOGRAPHIC NAME (NR)

A geographic name used as a heading in an established heading record, an established heading and subdivision record, a traced or an untraced reference record, or a reference and subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


151
##$aAmazon River

151
##$aCommunist countries

151
##$aHalley's comet

151
##$aInterstate 70

151
##$aMason and Dixon's Line

151
##$aHimalaya Mountains

151
##$aIrrawaddy Division (Burma)

151
##$aLeesville (S.C.)

151
##$aPalenque Site (Mexico)

151
##$aPompeii (Extinct city)

151
##$aAltamira Cave (Spain)

151
##$aAntietam National Battlefield (Md.)

151
##$aGreenwich Village (New York, N.Y.)

151
##$aKing Ranch (Tex.)

151
##$aWarm Springs Indian Reservation (Or.)

151
##$aDelaware Memorial Bridge (Del. and N.J.)

151
##$aParis (France)$vGuidebooks

151
##$aRussia$xTerritorial expansion$vMaps, Pictorial

151
##$aUnited States$xHistory$yCivil War, 1861-1865$xConscientious objectors

151
##$aVenus (Planet)

151
##$aGreen River (Ky. : River)

151
##$aCasper (Wyo.)$vMaps

151
##$aUnited States$xForeign relations$y1993-$vPeriodicals

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155 - HEADING--GENRE/FORM TERM (NR)

A genre or form term used as a heading in an established heading record, an established heading and subdivision record, a traced or an untraced reference record, or a reference and subdivision record. The term may consist of more than one word.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


155
##$aBird's-eye views$y1874

155
##$aCartoons$y1952

155
##$aDictionaries$xFrench$y18th century

155
##$aHymnals$zMassachusetts$y18th century

155
##$aPhotographs$vPeriodicals

155
##$aAgenda$xWeekly$y1980-1985

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180 - HEADING--GENERAL SUBDIVISION (NR)

A topical, form, or language term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


180
##$xRussian$vDictionaries

180
##$xPolitical aspects

180
##$xRhetoric$xAbility testing

180
##$xArabic [or, Italian, etc.]

180
##$xCivilization$y16th century

180
##$xHistory$y18th century$xExhibitions

180
##$xNuclear reactor safety$y1975-1985$zUnited States

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181 - HEADING--GEOGRAPHIC SUBDIVISION (NR)

A geographic name or term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


181
##$zParis (France)$vPhotographs

181
##$zMississippi$zTippah County$xHistory

181
##$zWashington (D.C.)$y1890-1910

181
##$zHudson River Valley (N.Y. and N.J.)

181
##$zNew York (State)$zBuffalo

181
##$zForeign countries$xHistory and criticism

181
##$zAntarctica$zWeddell Sea Region

181
##$zGermany$xHistory$y1933-1945

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182 - HEADING--CHRONOLOGICAL SUBDIVISION (NR)

A chronological term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


182
##$y1981-$vPeriodicals

182
##$yTo 1500

182
##$y18th century

182
##$yEarly church, ca. 30-600

182
##$yGreat War, 1843-1852

182
##$yGeometric period, ca. 900-700 B.C.

182
##$yMiddle Ages, 600-1500

182
##$ySung-Yüan dynasties, 960-1368

182
##$yCivil War, 1861-1865$xConscientious objectors

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185 - HEADING--FORM SUBDIVISION (NR)

A form or genre term used as a heading in a subdivision record.

Indicators

Subfield Codes

Examples


185
##$vFiction

185
##$vAbbreviations

185
##$vIndexes$vPeriodicals

185
##$vcase studies$vsoftware

185
##$vDictionaries$xSpanish

185
##$vPoetry$yTo 1500

185
##$vCatalogs and collections$zUnited States

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