MARC 21 Concise Format for Bibliographic Data: 048: Number of Musical Instruments or Voices Code (Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library of Congress)

This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the 2008 electronic edition of the MARC 21 Concise Formats. Please see loc.gov/marc/concise/ for the most up-to-date version of the electronic MARC 21 Concise Formats.

Two-character code that indicates the medium of performance for a musical composition. Also contains the number of parts, indicated by a two-digit number immediately following the code for the musical instruments or voices (e.g., va02, a two-part composition for Voices - Soprano). The number of parts may be omitted if not specified.

$a - Performer or ensemble (R)

Two-character code for a performer or ensemble (from the list below) and, if applicable, a two-digit number specifying the number of parts.

$b - Soloist (R)

Two-character alphabetic code for a soloist (from the list below) and, if applicable, a two-digit number specifying the number of parts.

$2 - Source of code (NR)

Code from: MARC Code Lists for Relators, Sources, Description Conventions.

$8 - Field link and sequence number (R)

See description of this subfield in Appendix A: Control Subfields.

MARC 21 Instruments or Voices Codes

ba	Brass - Horn
bb	Brass - Trumpet
bc	Brass - Cornet
bd	Brass - Trombone
be	Brass - Tuba
bf	Brass - Baritone
bn	Brass - Unspecified
bu	Brass - Unknown
by	Brass - Ethnic
bz	Brass - Other
ca	Choruses - Mixed
cb	Choruses - Women's
cc	Choruses - Men's
cd	Choruses - Children's
cn	Choruses - Unspecified
cu	Choruses - Unknown
cy	Choruses - Ethnic
ea	Electronic - Synthesizer
eb	Electronic - Tape
ec	Electronic - Computer
ed	Electronic - Ondes Martinot
en	Electronic - Unspecified
eu	Electronic - Unknown
ez	Electronic - Other
ka	Keyboard - Piano
kb	Keyboard - Organ
kc	Keyboard - Harpsichord
kd	Keyboard - Clavichord
ke	Keyboard - Continuo
kf	Keyboard - Celeste
kn	Keyboard - Unspecified
ku	Keyboard - Unknown
ky	Keyboard - Ethnic
kz	Keyboard - Other
oa	Larger ensemble - Full orchestra
ob	Larger ensemble - Chamber orch.
oc	Larger ensemble - String orchestra
od	Larger ensemble - Band
oe	Larger ensemble - Dance orchestra
of	Larger ensemble - Brass band (brass with some doubling, with or without percussion)
on	Larger ensemble - Unspecified
ou	Larger ensemble - Unknown
oy	Larger ensemble - Ethnic
oz	Larger ensemble - Other
pa	Percussion - Timpani
pb	Percussion - Xylophone
pc	Percussion - Marimba
pd	Percussion - Drum
pn	Percussion - Unspecified
pu	Percussion - Unknown
py	Percussion - Ethnic
pz	Percussion - Other
sa	Strings, bowed - Violin
sb	Strings, bowed - Viola
sc	Strings, bowed - Violoncello
sd	Strings, bowed - Double bass
se	Strings, bowed - Viol
sf	Strings, bowed - Viola d'amore
sg	Strings, bowed - Viola da gamba
sn	Strings, bowed - Unspecified
su	Strings, bowed - Unknown
sy	Strings, bowed - Ethnic
sz	Strings, bowed - Other
ta	Strings, plucked - Harp
tb	Strings, plucked - Guitar
tc	Strings, plucked - Lute
td	Strings, plucked - Mandolin
tn	Strings, plucked - Unspecified
tu	Strings, plucked - Unknown
ty	Strings, plucked - Ethnic
tz	Strings, plucked - Other
va	Voices - Soprano
vb	Voices - Mezzo Soprano
vc	Voices - Alto
vd	Voices - Tenor
ve	Voices - Baritone
vf	Voices - Bass
vg	Voices - Counter tenor
vh	Voices - High voice
vi	Voices - Medium voice
vj	Voices - Low voice
vn	Voices - Unspecified
vu	Voices - Unknown
vy	Voices - Ethnic
wa	Woodwinds - Flute
wb	Woodwinds - Oboe
wc	Woodwinds - Clarinet
wd	Woodwinds - Bassoon
we	Woodwinds - Piccolo
wf	Woodwinds - English horn
wg	Woodwinds - Bass clarinet
wh	Woodwinds - Recorder
wi	Woodwinds - Saxophone
wn	Woodwinds - Unspecified
wu	Woodwinds - Unknown
wy	Woodwinds - Ethnic
wz	Woodwinds - Other
zn	Unspecified instruments
zu	Unknown


048	#7$bvso01$atth01 $atch01$akor01$2 [code for controlled list]
048	#7$apcg01$apct01 $apxy02$apta01$2 [code for controlled list]


048	##$aka01$asa01 $asc01


048	##$bvi01$aka01


048	##$akb01


048	##$boe01$aoa

048 - Number of Musical Instruments or Voices Code (R)