853-855 - Captions and Pattern-General Information
MARC 21 Holdings - Concise
2008
This is an ARCHIVED VERSION of the
2008 electronic edition of the MARC 21 Concise
Formats. Please see loc.gov/marc/concise/
for the most up-to-date version of the electronic MARC 21
Concise Formats.
853 - Captions and Pattern -
Basic Bibliographic Unit (R)
854 - Captions and Pattern -
Supplementary Material (R)
855 - Captions and Pattern -
Indexes (R)
Captions and Pattern Fields -- General Information
Captions that identify the enumeration and chronology levels
and codes that define the publication pattern of the holdings
described in the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology fields. Any
related 853-855 and 863-865 fields are linked by a number in
subfield $8 (Field link and sequence number).
Indicators
First - Compressibility and expandability
[853/854]
Whether a computer algorithm may be used to convert the
content of subfields $a-$m in one or more linked
enumeration and chronology fields (863-864) from: an
itemized report to one that expresses the
same range of holdings in terms of the enumeration and
chronology of only the first and last part held; or a
compressed first-and-last-part-held
listing of a range of holdings to an explicit
itemization of each part held.
1 - Can compress but not expand
2 - Can compress or expand
3 - Unknown
First - Undefined [853]
Undefined and contains a blank (#).
Second - Caption evaluation [853/854]
Completeness of the caption levels and whether the captions
used actually appear on the bibliographic item.
0 - Captions verified; all levels present
1 - Captions verified; all levels may not be
present
2 - Captions unverified; all levels
present
3 - Captions unverified; all levels may not be
present
Second - Undefined [855]
Subfield Codes
$a-$h: Enumeration captions: Captions for
the levels of enumeration applicable to a bibliographic item.
These caption subfields are correlated with the enumeration
subfields $a-$h in the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology
field linked to the 853-855 field, although the same
subfields need not always be present. Full correlation of
caption and enumeration level subfields $a-$h in linked
853-855/863-865 fields is not required when captions
are not desired for displaying the holdings statement. Full
correlation is required when compression or
expansion of the enumeration in field 863 or 864 by computer
algorithm is desired. If there is no caption on the item for
some level, a caption may be invented and enclosed in
brackets ([ ]) or an asterisk used in place of data in order
to achieve full correlation.
When a supplement or index designation is used as a caption
(which occurs if its numbering relates to a particular volume
or part of the bibliographic unit, e.g. v. 9, suppl. 1-3) the
designation is contained in the relevant Enumeration caption
subfield ($a-$f).
When the enumeration consists of the number of units held
followed by a term describing the units, the entire phrase is
contained in the appropriate 863-865 field, and the 853-855
field contains the term unit (in parentheses if display is
not desired).
$a - First level of enumeration
$b - Second level of enumeration
$c - Third level of enumeration
$d - Fourth level of enumeration
$e - Fifth level of enumeration
$f - Sixth level of enumeration
$g - Alternative numbering scheme, first level of
enumeration
$h - Alternative numbering scheme, second level of
enumeration
$i-$m: Chronology captions: Captions for the
levels of chronology applicable to a bibliographic item.
These caption subfields are correlated with the chronology
subfields $i-$m in the 863-865 Enumeration and Chronology
field linked to the 853-855 field, although the same
subfields need not always be present. Full correlation of
caption and chronology level subfields $i-$m in the
853-855/863-865 fields is not required when captions
are not desired for displaying the holdings statement. Full
correlation is required when compression or
expansion of the chronology in field 863 or 864 by computer
algorithm is desired. Because bibliographic items generally
do not carry Chronology captions, a caption may be invented
and enclosed in brackets ([ ]) in order to achieve full
correlation.
When an alternative chronology scheme is applicable to an
item, subfield $m contains the alternative Chronology
caption. If captions for more than one level of alternative
chronology are required, an 866-868 Textual Holdings field is
used.
When only Chronology captions are used on an item (that is,
the item carries no enumeration), the Chronology captions are
carried in the relevant enumeration caption subfields ($a-$h)
and no captions are recorded in subfields $i-$m. If a
Chronology caption is not to be used in a display of the
863-865 Enumeration and Chronology field, it is enclosed in
parentheses, e.g., (year).
$i - First level of chronology
$j - Second level of chronology
$k - Third level of chronology
$l - Fourth level of chronology
$m - Alternative numbering scheme,
chronology
$n - Pattern note
$o - Type of unit
Caption that describes the type of unit (e.g., annual
buyer's guide, subject index) in the enumeration hierarchy
when it has no associated sequence numbering. When used,
subfield $o immediately follows the caption to which it
refers.
$p - Number of pieces per issuance
$t - Copy
Caption for the copy number when the 863-865 Enumeration
and Chronology field linked to the 853-855 field contains a
subfield $t (Copy number).
$u - Bibliographic units per next higher
level
Number (or the code var or und) that
specifies the total number of parts that comprise the next
higher level of enumeration. May be used with each level of
enumeration except the first level (subfield $a or $g)
because there is no higher level. When it is used, subfield
$u follows the caption subfield for the enumeration level
to which it applies. Not used with subfield $a or $g.
[n] - Number of parts
Total number of parts that constitute the next higher
level of enumeration for example, a quarterly publication
requires 4 issues to make 1 volume. Because subfield $u
is variable in length, no leading zero is used for a
single-character number. Combined issues are counted as
one part.
var - Varies
The total number of parts that constitute the next higher
level of enumeration varies so much that a specific
number in subfield $u would be meaningless.
und - Undetermined
The next higher level of enumeration is known to have
parts but the number of parts is unknown.
$v - Numbering continuity
One-character code that indicates whether the numbering of
the described level consists of continuously incrementing
numbers or numbers that restart at the completion of the
unit.
c - Number increments continuously
r - Number restarts at the completion of the
unit
$w - Frequency
One-character alphabetic code or a number that indicates
the publication frequency of the item. Subfield $w is not
related to a specific caption. It is input following the
last Chronology caption used. Specific publishing pattern
information is contained in subfield $y (Regularity),
including exceptions to the frequency coded in this
subfield. Subfield $p is also used when both a frequency
code and number of pieces per issuance need to be recorded
for multipart titles.
Codes
Codes used for a publishing pattern that has a
fundamental periodicity.
| a -
Annual |
j - Three
times a month |
| b - Bimonthly |
k - Continuously
updated |
| c - Semiweekly |
m - Monthly |
| d - Daily |
q - Quarterly |
| e - Biweekly |
s - Semimonthly |
| f - Semiannual |
t - Three times a
year |
| g - Biennial |
w - Weekly |
| h - Triennial |
x - Completely
irregular |
| i - Three times a
week |
|
Number
A number is used to specify the number of issues per year
when no codable periodicity exists. Because subfield $w is
variable in length, no leading zero is used for a
single-character number.
$x - Calendar change
One or more two- or four-character numeric codes that
indicate the chronological point at which the highest level
increments or changes.
Codes
A two-character code identifies the month or season of
change. A four-character code in the pattern
mmdd (2 for the month and 2 for the day)
identifies the month and day of change. A month or day
code of less than two digits is right justified and the
unused position contains a zero.
|
Month |
Day |
Season |
| 01-12 - Month |
01-31 - Day |
21 - Spring |
|
|
22 - Summer |
|
|
23 - Autumn |
|
|
24 - Winter |
$y - Regularity pattern
Codes that describe the regularity of the publishing
pattern coded in subfield $w (Frequency). The subfield
may be structured as either a chronology type or
enumeration type. Both types begin with a publication
code.
Publication Code
First one-character code in both the chronology type
and enumeration type indicates whether the subsequent
codes refer to the publication or the nonpublication of
part(s) of the item or the combination of either
enumeration or chronology elements.
| c -
Combined |
| o - Omitted |
| p - Published |
Chronology Type
Chronology type of regularity pattern is structured
as:
<Publication Code><Chronology Code
Definition><Chronology Code>,<Chronology
Code>,..
May contain one or more chronology codes that are
associated with the publication code and chronology
code definition that are in the first and second
character position of the subfield. The subfield may be
repeated to allow for coding more than one publication
code/chronology code definition/chronology code string
to indicate regular exceptions to a specified
regularity pattern (i.e. normalized irregulars).
Chronology Code Definition - Second
one-character code in the subfield indicates whether
the subsequent Chronology Code(s) represent the name of
a day, a numeric month or month and day code, a code
for a season of the year, or a code for a week of the
month or year. If the subfield describes regularity in
terms of enumeration, this code is "e."
| d -
Day |
| m - Month |
| s - Season |
| w - Week |
| y - Year |
Chronology Code - Designation of the
part of the item for which regularity pattern
information is provided. Multiple codes are separated
by a comma. A slash (/) is used to designate combined
issues.
Two-character alphabetic or numeric codes are used for
days, weeks, months, and/or seasons. A four character
code is used to indicate a year or year combination. A
code of less than two digits is right justified and the
unused position contains a zero.
Chronology Type and Code
Patterns:
|
Chronology Type Code |
Possible Code Pattern |
Example |
Example Meaning |
| d |
dd |
su |
Sunday |
| d |
DD |
08 |
Eighth day of each
month |
| m |
MM |
09 |
September |
| d |
MMDD |
0925 |
September 25 |
| s |
SS |
22 |
Summer |
| w |
WWdd |
03we |
Third Wednesday |
| w |
MMWWdd |
0599tu |
Last Tuesday in
May |
| w |
MMWWdd |
0802we |
Second Wednesday in
August |
| w |
MMWW |
1204 |
Fourth wqeek in
December |
| y |
YYYY |
yyy1/yyy2 |
Span over 2
years |
Pattern Description:
|
Pattern |
Meaning |
Characteristics |
Possible Values - Summary |
| dd |
day |
alpha |
mo-su |
| DD |
day |
numeric |
01-31 |
| ww |
week |
numeric |
01-53 |
| WW |
week |
numeric |
99, 98, 97, 00, 01,
02, 03, 04, 05 |
| MM |
month |
numeric |
01-12 |
| SS |
season |
numeric |
21, 22, 23, 24 |
| y |
year |
numeric |
2002 |
Pattern Values:
| Day of
week- dd |
Week-
ww |
Month-
MM |
Week
of Month- WW |
| mo - Monday |
01-53 |
01-12 |
99 - Last |
| tu - Tuesday |
|
|
98 - Next to
Last |
| we - Wednesday |
|
|
97 - Third to
Last |
| th - Thursday |
|
|
00 - Every |
| fr - Friday |
|
|
01 - First |
| sa - Saturday |
|
|
02 - Second |
| su - Sunday |
|
|
03 - Third |
|
|
|
04 - Fourth |
|
|
|
05 - Fifth |
| Day of Month-
DD |
Season-
SS |
| 01-31 |
21 - Spring |
|
22 - Summer |
|
23 - Autumn |
|
24 - Winter |
Enumeration Type
The enumeration type is structured as:
<Publication Code><Enumeration Code
Definition><Enumeration Code>,<Enumeration
Code>,...
Enumeration codes may occupy the second and third
positions after subfield $y to provide for regularity
patterns for items that use only enumeration for
sequencing and/or those items whose sequencing must be
specified separately when combinations occur.
Enumeration Code Definition - Second
code in the subfield indicates whether the subsequent
codes represent enumeration rather than chronology.
When code "e" is used, an additional numeric code is
added to indicate the level of enumeration to which the
regularity applies.
| e1-
Enumeration, lst level |
| e2-
Enumeration, 2nd level |
Enumeration Code - Enumeration code
following the enumeration code definition indicates the
designation of the issues of the item for which
regularity pattern information is provided. Multiple
designations are separated by a comma. A slash (/) is
used to designate a combined issue.
Presence of continuous numbering (subfield $v, code c) in
conjunction with an enumeration code signals the
combination of specific numbers in the sequence of
specific issues. Because of the continuous numbering, the
actual enumeration values cannot be used to express the
enumeration in subfield $y. Enumerative values must be
represented in terms of the number of issues expected to
be published to allow combined issue prediction to occur.
Automated systems may construct algorithms to predict the
second level of continuous enumeration based on the
starting value of the second level of enumeration at the
beginning of the subscription cycle.
Regularity pattern codes, along with additional examples
are maintained at the Library of Congress and are
available online at:
www.loc.gov/marc/chrono_patterns.html. Questions on
coding patterns or establishing new ones should be
addressed to the Network Development and MARC Standards
Office, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540-4402
(Email:
ndmso@loc.gov).
$z - Numbering scheme
Six character code string used to designate the numbering
scheme used on a publication. The codes allow for recording
different numbering schemes at different levels of
enumeration. Subfield $z follows the enumeration subfield
($a-$h) to which it applies.
$2 - Source of caption abbreviation
$3 - Materials specified
The range of volumes or dates to which the field applies.
$8 - Field link and sequence number
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