Field has no indicators or subfield codes; the data elements are positionally
defined.
When field 007/00 contains code s, it contains special coded information about the
physical characteristics of a sound recording.
01 - Specific material designation Special class of sound recording to which the item belongs (e.g., a cylinder).
d - Sound disc Sound discs are thin circular objects that vary in diameter (e.g., 7 in., 10
in., 12 in.), on which sound waves, recorded as modulations or pulses, are
incised or indented. Compact audio discs are typically 4 3/4 in. in
diameter.
e - Cylinder Cylinders are cylindrical objects on which sound waves are incised or indented
in a continuous circular groove. Mass-produced cylinders are made of plastic.
Early cylinders were made of tinfoil or wax.
g - Sound cartridge Sound cartridges are containers holding a single sound tape, run as an endless
loop.
i - Sound-track film Sound-track film is a sound recording on film that is not intended to accompany
visual images. Note: Code i is also to be used when it is not known if
a sound recording on film is intended to accompany visual images.
q - Roll Roll of paper, for example, for player piano or player organ, on which the
notes of a musical composition are represented by perforations in the paper and
from which sound can be mechanically produced.
s - Sound cassette Sound cassette is a container holding a narrow, usually 1/8 inch, sound tape on
two reels, one to feed (and rewind) and the other to take up the sound
tape.
t - Sound-tape reel Sound-tape reel is usually designated an Open Reel or
Reel-to-Reel. It is an audiotape-transport system with separate supply
(feed) and take-up reels.
u - Unspecified Special material designation for the sound recording is not specified.
w - Wire recording Wire recording is a round steel wire on which sound waves are magnetically
recorded.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
03 - Speed Playback speed of the sound recording.
Speed is associated with the kind of item with which it is associated; either disc
(007/01 is code d), cylinder (007/01 is code e), or tape (007/01 is code g, s, or
t.)
Codes a, b, c, d, e indicate that the rotational speed of a sound disc is equal to
the value of revolutions per minute (RPM) represented by the specific code.
Certain speeds are usually associated with the diameter of the disc (e.g., 10 in.
discs are played back at 78 rpm, 7 in. discs are played back at 45 rpm, 12 in.
discs are played back at 33 1/3 rpm). Playback speed is not absolutely associated
with any one disc size.
a - 16 rpm (discs)
b - 33 1/3 rpm (discs)
c - 45 rpm (discs)
d - 78 rpm (discs)
e - 8 rpm (discs)
f - 1.4 m. per second (discs) Speed is calculated from the distance the playback mechanism covers on the
surface of the disc per second, and not the number of revolutions of the disc.
It is associated with compact discs (CDs).
h - 120 rpm (cylinders)
i - 160 rpm (cylinders)
k - 15/16 ips (tapes) Speed occurs, for example, on half-speed mini-cassettes used in small portable
recorders.
l - 1 7/8 ips (tapes) Speed occurs, for example, on standard cassettes.
m - 3 3/4 ips (tapes) Speed occurs, for example, on consumer and nonprofessional reel-to-reel tapes,
cartridges and very unusual cassette tapes.
o - 7 1/2 ips (tapes) Speed occurs, for example, in reel-to-reel, nonprofessional, and studio
tapes.
p - 15 ips (tapes) Speed occurs, for example, on reel-to-reel, studio tapes.
r - 30 ips (tape) Speed occurs, for example, on reel-to-reel, studio tapes, but is rarely
used.
u - Unknown
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
04 - Configuration of playback channels Configuration of playback channels for a sound recording.
Monaural, stereophonic, quadraphonic, and other configuration of playback channels
should be coded based on a clear indication of intended playback. These codes do
not refer to the configuration of channels orginally recorded, unless those
channels are all intended to be available on playback.
m - Monaural Configured to be played back on one channel.
q - Quadraphonic Configured to be played back on four separate channels.
s - Stereophonic Configured to be played back on two separate channels.
u - Unknown Configuration of playback channels is not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
06 - Dimensions Diameter of an open reel or disc, or the dimensions of a cassette, cartridge, or
cylinder.
a - 3 in. diameter
b - 5 in. diameter
c - 7 in. diameter
d - 10 in. diameter
e - 12 in. diameter
f - 16 in. diameter
g - 4 3/4 in. or 12 cm. diameter
j - 3 7/8 x 2 1/2 in. Height and width of the cassette are 3 7/8 x 2 1/2 in. Used for a standard
compact cassette.
n - Not applicable Sound recording is not a reel, disc, cassette, cartridge, or cylinder.
o - 5 1/4 x 3 7/8 in. Height and width of the cartridge are 5 1/4 x 3 7/8 in. Used for a standard
audio cartridge.
s - 2 3/4 x 4 in. Dimensions of a cylinder are 2 3/4 in. (diameter) x 4 in. (length).
u - Unknown Dimensions of the sound recording are not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
07 - Tape width Width of the tape.
Cassette implies code l, cartridge implies code m, and tape
reel implies code m.
l - 1/8 in. Most cassettes use 1/8 in. tape.
m - 1/4 in. Nonprofessional, consumer, and some professional reels, and most 8-track
cartridges use 1/4 in. tape.
n - Not applicable Item is not a tape or does not include a tape. For example, code n is used if
the item is a disc.
o - 1/2 in. Recording studios customarily use 1/2 in. tape. Some 8-track cartridges have
been issued in 1/2 in. tape.
p - 1 in. Recording studios often use 1 inch tape. Some 8-track cartridges have been
issued in 1 in. tape.
u - Unknown Tape width is not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
08 - Tape Configuration Number of tracks on a tape.
Cassette implies code c; cartridge implies code d. There is no
standard number of tracks for tape reels.
a - Full (1) track Full or single track.
b - Half (2) track Half track configuration is used to permit two tracks (channels) to be recorded
on one tape. It is used with audio cassettes to permit monoaural recordings in
two directions and with stereophonic recordings in one direction.
c - Quarter (4) track Quarter track configuration is used to permit four tracks (channels) to be
recorded on one tape. It is used with standard audio cassettes to permit
stereophonic recordings in two directions, and with quadraphonic recordings in
one direction.
d - Eight track Eight track configuration is used with monaural, stereophonic, and quadraphonic
recordings. Commercial eight track cartridges customarily include four pairs of
stereophonic (two track) recordings.
e - Twelve track Twelve track configuration is used in professional recording studios to permit
separate control of various tracks which are later mixed to produce a
stereophonic or quadraphonic recording.
f - Sixteen track Sixteen track configuration is used in professional recording studios to permit
separate control of various tracks which are later mixed to produce a
stereophonic or quadraphonic recording.
n - Not applicable Item is not a tape or does not include a tape. For example, code n is used if
the item is a disc.
u - Unknown Tape configuration is not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
09 - Kind of disc, cylinder or tape a - Master tape Final tape production master that is used to make a disc master or a tape
duplication master.
Represents the final mix including special processing such as equalization,
compression, phasing, and sound synthesis.
b - Tape duplication master Sound tape produced from the master tape.
Tape duplication master is played on a tape reproducer to produce the sound
tape for cassette, cartridge, or reel.
d - Disc master (negative) Negative disc master that is used for the preparation of the mother from which
more serviceable and longer lasting metal stampers can be made.
In the early years of recording, discs were pressed from the metal-plated disc
master or matrix. As commercial recording developed, the disc master was used,
and continues to be used, for the preparation of the mother.
i - Instantaneous (recorded on the spot) Original recording of a sound event or performance intended for direct
reproduction without further processing. In the early years of recording, a
single sound event was sometimes recorded simultaneously on several cylinders
or discs. All of these recordings would be instantaneous.
m - Mass-produced Includes discs or tapes issued as limited pressing or limited
issue for private distribution.
Most commercial discs are mass-produced. Mass-produced discs are mechanically
pressed for distribution, either commercially or privately; also, tapes
reproduced from a tape duplication master for distribution either commercially
or privately.
Mass-produced discs, cylinders, and tapes usually include the name of the
issuing company, the issue number, and bibliographic information on a printed
label or on the container in which the disc, tape, or cylinder is packaged.
n - Not applicable Item is not a disc, cylinder, or tape.
r - Mother (positive) Exact copy of the original disc recording pressed from the disc master. From
the metal mother a negative metal stamper is made to press
discs for distribution.
Many stampers may be made from a single mother.
s - Stamper (negative) Negative metal part, produced from the mother in an electroplating
procedure, from which 500 to 750 discs may be pressed.
t - Test pressing Either one finished disc or one of a very limited pressing is made, designed to
be examined aurally before a decision is made to proceed with a pressing.
u - Unknown Type of disc, cylinder, or tape is not known.
Also used when it cannot be determined whether the item is instantaneous or
mass-produced.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
10 - Kind of material Kind of material used in the manufacture of sound recordings (both instantaneous
and mass-produced).
a - Lacquer coating Lacquer coated, but the base material on which the lacquer is applied is not
identified. To also identify the base, use codes g (Glass with lacquer), i
(Aluminum with lacquer) or r (Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide).
b - Cellulose nitrate Cellulose nitrate base. This code may be used for items such as memovox
discs.
c - Acetate tape with ferrous oxide Acetate base with a ferrous oxide coating. May include acetate tape and belts,
such as magnabelts.
g - Glass with lacquer Glass disc base with a lacquer coating.
i - Aluminum with lacquer Aluminum disc base with a lacquer coating.
l - Metal Made entirely of metal. Includes the earliest cylinders, which were made of
tinfoil, and aluminum transcription discs with no coating, as well as wire and
metal tape.
m - Plastic with metal Made of plastic base with a metal coating. The metal part of such an item is
often a thin layer applied to the plastic base. Includes compact audio discs
(CDs).
p - Plastic Made entirely of plastic. Also includes mylar, polyester and vinyl materials.
Since the 1950s, commercial or mass-produced sound recordings on 16, 33 1/3,
and 45 rpm discs, cassettes, and cartridges are made of plastic.
r - Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide Paper or cardboard disc, tape, or cylinder base with a lacquer or ferrous oxide
coating.
s - Shellac Made entirely of shellac. Most commercial or mass-produced 78 rpm discs are
made of shellac.
w - Wax Made entirely of wax. Most instantaneous cylinders were made of wax.
u - Unknown Kind of material used in the manufacture of the item is not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
12 - Special playback characteristics Playback characteristics for sound recordings, including special equipment or
equalization necessary for proper playback. This code is not used to
indicate special processes used during recording unless those processes must be
applied during playback.
Codes should be used only if the item in hand includes a clear indication that
special playback characteristics are required.
a - NAB standard National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) standard was used for the
transcription of the recording and NAB playback equalization is required.
b - CCIR standard Comité consultatif de la radiodiffusion (CCIR) standard was used for the
transcription of the recording and CCIR playback equalization is required.
c - Dolby-B encoded Requires Dolby-B decoding playback equipment. Indicated on commercial
recordings by the double D insignia (without indication of Dolby-C
encoding). If Dolby is used on a tape recording without other
indication, Dolby-B may be assumed. Despite the presence of the double-D or
"Dolby" on a disc recording, this code is never used for commercial discs.
d - dbx encoded Used for disc or tape recordings which indicate on the label or package that
dbx decoding is required. If descriptive material indicates that dbx was used
during recording but that standard playback equipment may be used, this code
should not be assigned.
e - Digital recording Requires digital playback equipment, such as Phillips/Sony Compact
Discs or Sony PCM tape recordings. Code e is not used when there
is indication that digital equipment was used during recording, but that analog
playback equipment may be used. No commercial recordings prior to 1982, and no
analog disc or tape recordings require code e.
f - Dolby-A encoded Requires Dolby-A playback equipment. It is used only for master tapes and other
tape recordings where clear indication is given that the professional Dolby-A
encoding was applied, and that Dolby-A decoding is required. Dolby-A encoding
is never used for commercial tape or discs. (Instantaneous tape recordings
labelled "Dolby" without other indication are normally Dolby-B, particularly
cassette recordings.)
g - Dolby-C encoded Requires Dolby-C playback equipment. It is used for tape recordings where the
label or packaging clearly indicates that Dolby-C is required. "Dolby" or the
double-D symbol without specific explanation normally indicates Dolby-B.
h - CX encoded Requires CX encoded playback equipment. It is used for recordings where the
symbol or mark CX appears. Such recordings may be labelled as
compatible with standard playback equipment. No CX recordings will appear with
pressing dates prior to 1981.
n - Not applicable Item does not have special playback characteristics.
u - Unknown Playback characteristics of the item are not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is applicable.
| - No attempt to code
13 - Capture and storage technique How the sound was originally captured and stored. Re-releases of recordings should
be coded for the original capture and storage technique, even though such
re-releases may have been enhanced using another technique.
a - Acoustical capture, direct storage Usually a disc or cylinder recording, captured using an acoustical horn and
diaphragm and stored directly on a master surface. Most acoustical recordings
date from before 1927/29 when electrical recording equipment became
available.
b - Direct storage, not acoustical Disc recordings captured using electrical equipment and stored directly on a
master surface. All recordings made with microphones and other electrical
equipment prior to the availability of magnetic recording techniques in the
late 1940s used direct storage.
Commercial recordings marked "direct to disc" or some equivalent phrase also
use this technique.
d - Digital storage Sound recordings which were captured electrically and stored using digital
techniques.
Such recordings are normally identified as "digitally recorded" or some similar
phrase on the label or package. "Digital remaster" or "digital mixing" does not
imply original digital storage. Note: Digital storage and digital
playback should not be confused. The need for digital playback should be
recorded in 007/12 (Special playback characteristics).
e - Analog electrical storage Sound recordings which were captured using electrical techniques and stored as
modulations and pulses on a magnetic surface. Most recordings made from the
late 1940s until early 1980s are analog electrical recordings.
u - Unknown Capture and storage technique are not known.
z - Other None of the other codes is appropriate.
| - No attempt to code
007/01 - Specific material designation
c - Cylinder [OBSOLETE]
f - Sound-track film [OBSOLETE]
r - Roll [OBSOLETE]
In 1981, the codes were changed to e, i, and q, respectively.
007/02 - Original versus reproduction aspect [OBSOLETE, 1997] [USMARC only]Defined codes were: f (Facsimile), o (Original), r (Reproduction), and u
(Unknown).
007/04 - Configuration of playback channels
a - Acoustic [OBSOLETE]
f - Monaural (digital) [OBSOLETE]
g - Quadraphonic (digital) [OBSOLETE]
j - Stereophonic (digital) [OBSOLETE]
k - Other (digital) [OBSOLETE]
o - Other (electric) [OBSOLETE]
In 1987, 007/04 was redefined for coding only configuration of playback channels
characteristics when 007/13 (Capture and storage technique) was defined for coding
how the sound was originally captured and stored. These codes were made obsolete and
the qualifier (electric) was removed from codes m, q, and s for 007/04.
007/07 - Tape width
a - 1/4 in. [OBSOLETE]
b - 1/2 in. [OBSOLETE]
c - 1 in. [OBSOLETE]
In 1981, the codes were changed to m, o, and p, respectively.
007/10 - Kind of material
m - Molded cylinder-mass produced [OBSOLETE, 1981]Code was made obsolete in 1981 when this characteristic was included in the
definition of code p (Plastic).
m - Plastic with metal [NEW, 1986]
n - Not applicable [OBSOLETE, 2002]
a - Lacquered [RENAMED, 2002]
b - Cellulose nitrate [NEW, 2002]
c - Acetate tape with ferrous oxide [NEW, 2002]
g - Glass with lacquer [NEW, 2002]
i - Aluminum with lacquer [NEW, 2002]
r - Paper with lacquer or ferrous oxide [NEW, 2002]
m - Plastic with metal [RENAMED, 2002]
z - Other [NEW, 2002]
007/13 - Capture and storage technique [NEW, 1987]Prior to the definition of this character position, capture and storage information
was contained in 007/04 (Kind of sound) along with configuration. When 007/13 was
defined, 007/04 was redefined as Configuration of playback channels. See also 007/04
above.